American Citizen on Wed, 09 Apr 2025 01:44:55 +0200


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question on plane cubic curves <-> Weierstrass elliptic curve maps


Hello:

My goal here is to see if we can find maps with smaller powers of coefficients for forward/inverse maps between certain plane cubic curves and Weierstrass elliptic curves apparently matching the Jacobian of the cubic curves.

Let a plane body cubic equation in u,v be

(1) 2*a*b*v*(u+1)*(u-1) - (a+b)*(a-b)*u*(v+1)*(v-1) = 0

where a,b are positive integers and u,v rational (usually > 1)

GP Pari ellfromeqn((1)) gives

(2) E_body(a,b) = [0, (a^2 + b^2)^2, 0, (2*a*b*(a-b)*(a+b))^2, 0]

provided that you substitute [x,y] for [u,v] in (1).

There is a rather complicated forward map from (1) -> (2) which I won't give. The inverse map has to be found also.

Magma returns a Weierstrass equation with higher powers of a,b as

(3) Magma_body(a,b) = [ 0, (-32*a^8*b^4 + 128*a^6*b^6 - 32*a^4*b^8)/(a^12 - 14*a^10*b^2 + 63*a^8*b^4 - 100*a^6*b^6 + 63*a^4*b^8 - 14*a^2*b^10 + b^12), 0, 256*a^8*b^8/(a^16 - 20*a^14*b^2 + 148*a^12*b^4 - 492*a^10*b^6 + 726*a^8*b^8 - 492*a^6*b^10 + 148*a^4*b^12 - 20*a^2*b^14 + b^16), 0 ]

Concerning the forward/inverse maps, magma finds

Forward map (1) --> (3)

x = -8*a^3*b^3/(a^6 - 7*a^4*b^2 + 7*a^2*b^4 - b^6)*u;
y = -64*a^6*b^6/(a^12 - 14*a^10*b^2 + 63*a^8*b^4 - 100*a^6*b^6 + 63*a^4*b^8 - 14*a^2*b^10 + b^12)*w;
z = (-1/2*a^2 + 1/2*b^2)/(a*b)*u + v;

in projective coordinates [x,y,z].

Inverse map (3) --> (1)

u=8*a^3*b^3/(a^6 - 7*a^4*b^2 + 7*a^2*b^4 - b^6)*x;
v=4*a^2*b^2/(a^4 - 6*a^2*b^2 + b^4)*x - 64*a^6*b^6/(a^12 - 14*a^10*b^2 + 63*a^8*b^4 - 100*a^6*b^6 + 63*a^4*b^8 - 14*a^2*b^10 + b^12)*z;
w=y;

[u,v,w] projective coordinates.

I particularly like the fact that GP Pari is finding a much smaller Weierstrass format curve in smaller powers of a,b then Magma is giving. When it comes to using mwrank and other elliptic curve point finding programs, the curves with the smaller coefficients generally work much better, and it's not too hard to see that using (3) climbs up by using 16th powers. I'd rather keep this at 4th powers not 16th powers.

My question is this, can we find simpler maps for the (1) -> (2) and (2) -> (1) mappings?

- Randall