Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - language - init.c (source / functions) Coverage Total Hit
Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 31053-95e3b72995) Lines: 76.5 % 1488 1139
Test Date: 2026-07-24 17:03:07 Functions: 81.4 % 161 131
Legend: Lines:     hit not hit

            Line data    Source code
       1              : /* Copyright (C) 2000-2003  The PARI group.
       2              : 
       3              : This file is part of the PARI/GP package.
       4              : 
       5              : PARI/GP is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
       6              : terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
       7              : Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
       8              : version. It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
       9              : ANY WARRANTY WHATSOEVER.
      10              : 
      11              : Check the License for details. You should have received a copy of it, along
      12              : with the package; see the file 'COPYING'. If not, write to the Free Software
      13              : Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. */
      14              : 
      15              : /*******************************************************************/
      16              : /*                                                                 */
      17              : /*        INITIALIZING THE SYSTEM, ERRORS, STACK MANAGEMENT        */
      18              : /*                                                                 */
      19              : /*******************************************************************/
      20              : /* _GNU_SOURCE is needed before first include to get RUSAGE_THREAD */
      21              : #undef _GNU_SOURCE /* avoid warning */
      22              : #define _GNU_SOURCE
      23              : #include <string.h>
      24              : #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN32__)
      25              : #  include "../systems/mingw/mingw.h"
      26              : #  include <process.h>
      27              : #endif
      28              : #include "paricfg.h"
      29              : #if defined(STACK_CHECK) && !defined(__EMX__) && !defined(_WIN32)
      30              : #  include <sys/types.h>
      31              : #  include <sys/time.h>
      32              : #  include <sys/resource.h>
      33              : #endif
      34              : #if defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_SETSID)
      35              : #  include <sys/wait.h>
      36              : #endif
      37              : #ifdef HAS_MMAP
      38              : #  include <sys/mman.h>
      39              : #endif
      40              : #if defined(USE_GETTIMEOFDAY) || defined(USE_GETRUSAGE) || defined(USE_TIMES)
      41              : #  include <sys/time.h>
      42              : #endif
      43              : #if defined(USE_GETRUSAGE)
      44              : #  include <sys/resource.h>
      45              : #endif
      46              : #if defined(USE_FTIME) || defined(USE_FTIMEFORWALLTIME)
      47              : #  include <sys/timeb.h>
      48              : #endif
      49              : #if defined(USE_CLOCK_GETTIME) || defined(USE_TIMES)
      50              : #  include <time.h>
      51              : #endif
      52              : #if defined(USE_TIMES)
      53              : #  include <sys/times.h>
      54              : #endif
      55              : #define PARI_INIT
      56              : #include "pari.h"
      57              : #include "paripriv.h"
      58              : #include "anal.h"
      59              : 
      60              : const double LOG10_2 = 0.3010299956639812; /* log_10(2) */
      61              : const double LOG2_10 = 3.321928094887362;  /* log_2(10) */
      62              : 
      63              : GEN gnil, gen_0, gen_1, gen_m1, gen_2, gen_m2, ghalf, err_e_STACK;
      64              : 
      65              : static const ulong readonly_constants[] = {
      66              :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(2),  /* gen_0 */
      67              :   evallgefint(2),
      68              :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(2),  /* gnil */
      69              :   evallgefint(2),
      70              :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_1 */
      71              :   evalsigne(1) | evallgefint(3),
      72              :   1,
      73              :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_2 */
      74              :   evalsigne(1) | evallgefint(3),
      75              :   2,
      76              :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_m1 */
      77              :   evalsigne(-1) | evallgefint(3),
      78              :   1,
      79              :   evaltyp(t_INT) | _evallg(3),  /* gen_m2 */
      80              :   evalsigne(-1) | evallgefint(3),
      81              :   2,
      82              :   evaltyp(t_ERROR) | _evallg(2), /* err_e_STACK */
      83              :   e_STACK,
      84              :   evaltyp(t_FRAC) | _evallg(3), /* ghalf */
      85              :   (ulong)(readonly_constants+4),
      86              :   (ulong)(readonly_constants+7)
      87              : };
      88              : THREAD GEN zetazone, bernzone, eulerzone, primetab;
      89              : pari_prime *pari_PRIMES;
      90              : FILE    *pari_outfile, *pari_errfile, *pari_logfile, *pari_infile;
      91              : char    *current_logfile, *current_psfile, *pari_datadir;
      92              : long    gp_colors[c_LAST];
      93              : int     disable_color;
      94              : ulong   DEBUGLEVEL, DEBUGMEM;
      95              : THREAD  long    DEBUGVAR;
      96              : ulong   pari_mt_nbthreads;
      97              : long    precreal;
      98              : ulong   precdl, pari_logstyle;
      99              : gp_data *GP_DATA;
     100              : 
     101              : entree  **varentries;
     102              : THREAD long *varpriority;
     103              : 
     104              : THREAD pari_sp avma;
     105              : THREAD struct pari_mainstack *pari_mainstack;
     106              : 
     107              : static void ** MODULES;
     108              : static pari_stack s_MODULES;
     109              : const long functions_tblsz = 135; /* size of functions_hash */
     110              : entree **functions_hash, **defaults_hash;
     111              : 
     112              : void (*cb_pari_display_hist)(long n);
     113              : char *(*cb_pari_fgets_interactive)(char *s, int n, FILE *f);
     114              : int (*cb_pari_get_line_interactive)(const char*, const char*, filtre_t *F);
     115              : void (*cb_pari_quit)(long);
     116              : void (*cb_pari_init_histfile)(void);
     117              : void (*cb_pari_ask_confirm)(const char *);
     118              : int  (*cb_pari_handle_exception)(long);
     119              : int  (*cb_pari_err_handle)(GEN);
     120              : int  (*cb_pari_whatnow)(PariOUT *out, const char *, int);
     121              : void (*cb_pari_sigint)(void);
     122              : void (*cb_pari_pre_recover)(long);
     123              : void (*cb_pari_err_recover)(long);
     124              : int (*cb_pari_break_loop)(int);
     125              : int (*cb_pari_is_interactive)(void);
     126              : void (*cb_pari_start_output)(void);
     127              : void (*cb_pari_long_help)(const char *s, long num);
     128              : 
     129              : const char * pari_library_path = NULL;
     130              : 
     131              : static THREAD GEN global_err_data;
     132              : THREAD jmp_buf *iferr_env;
     133              : const long CATCH_ALL = -1;
     134              : 
     135              : static void pari_init_timer(void);
     136              : 
     137              : /*********************************************************************/
     138              : /*                                                                   */
     139              : /*                       BLOCKS & CLONES                             */
     140              : /*                                                                   */
     141              : /*********************************************************************/
     142              : /*#define DEBUG*/
     143              : static THREAD long next_block;
     144              : static THREAD GEN cur_block; /* current block in block list */
     145              : static THREAD GEN root_block; /* current block in block list */
     146              : 
     147              : static void
     148       378548 : pari_init_blocks(void)
     149              : {
     150       378548 :   next_block = 0; cur_block = NULL; root_block = NULL;
     151       378548 : }
     152              : 
     153              : static void
     154       378540 : pari_close_blocks(void)
     155              : {
     156      2356978 :   while (cur_block) killblock(cur_block);
     157       378540 : }
     158              : 
     159              : static long
     160   2518481626 : blockheight(GEN bl) { return bl? bl_height(bl): 0; }
     161              : 
     162              : static long
     163    600604084 : blockbalance(GEN bl)
     164    600604084 : { return bl ? blockheight(bl_left(bl)) - blockheight(bl_right(bl)): 0; }
     165              : 
     166              : static void
     167    658636729 : fix_height(GEN bl)
     168    658636729 : { bl_height(bl) = maxss(blockheight(bl_left(bl)), blockheight(bl_right(bl)))+1; }
     169              : 
     170              : static GEN
     171     13930668 : bl_rotright(GEN y)
     172              : {
     173     13930668 :   GEN x = bl_left(y), t = bl_right(x);
     174     13930668 :   bl_right(x) = y;
     175     13930668 :   bl_left(y)  = t;
     176     13930668 :   fix_height(y);
     177     13930668 :   fix_height(x);
     178     13930668 :   return x;
     179              : }
     180              : 
     181              : static GEN
     182     17554201 : bl_rotleft(GEN x)
     183              : {
     184     17554201 :   GEN y = bl_right(x), t = bl_left(y);
     185     17554201 :   bl_left(y)  = x;
     186     17554201 :   bl_right(x) = t;
     187     17554201 :   fix_height(x);
     188     17554201 :   fix_height(y);
     189     17554201 :   return y;
     190              : }
     191              : 
     192              : static GEN
     193    393971670 : blockinsert(GEN x, GEN bl, long *d)
     194              : {
     195              :   long b, c;
     196    393971670 :   if (!bl)
     197              :   {
     198     76015468 :     bl_left(x)=NULL; bl_right(x)=NULL;
     199     76015468 :     bl_height(x)=1; return x;
     200              :   }
     201    317956202 :   c = cmpuu((ulong)x, (ulong)bl);
     202    317956202 :   if (c < 0)
     203    119455589 :     bl_left(bl) = blockinsert(x, bl_left(bl), d);
     204    198500613 :   else if (c > 0)
     205    198500613 :     bl_right(bl) = blockinsert(x, bl_right(bl), d);
     206            0 :   else return bl; /* ??? Already exist in the tree ? */
     207    317956202 :   fix_height(bl);
     208    317956202 :   b = blockbalance(bl);
     209    317956202 :   if (b > 1)
     210              :   {
     211      7475548 :     if (*d > 0) bl_left(bl) = bl_rotleft(bl_left(bl));
     212      7475548 :     return bl_rotright(bl);
     213              :   }
     214    310480654 :   if (b < -1)
     215              :   {
     216      9710055 :     if (*d < 0) bl_right(bl) = bl_rotright(bl_right(bl));
     217      9710055 :     return bl_rotleft(bl);
     218              :   }
     219    300770599 :   *d = c; return bl;
     220              : }
     221              : 
     222              : static GEN
     223    353726257 : blockdelete(GEN x, GEN bl)
     224              : {
     225              :   long b;
     226    353726257 :   if (!bl) return NULL; /* ??? Do not exist in the tree */
     227    353726257 :   if (x < bl)
     228    109482519 :     bl_left(bl) = blockdelete(x, bl_left(bl));
     229    244243738 :   else if (x > bl)
     230    158373041 :     bl_right(bl) = blockdelete(x, bl_right(bl));
     231              :   else
     232              :   {
     233     85870697 :     if (!bl_left(bl) && !bl_right(bl)) return NULL;
     234     22550078 :     else if (!bl_left(bl)) return bl_right(bl);
     235     15994405 :     else if (!bl_right(bl)) return bl_left(bl);
     236              :     else
     237              :     {
     238      9855229 :       GEN r = bl_right(bl);
     239     13747409 :       while (bl_left(r)) r = bl_left(r);
     240      9855229 :       bl_right(r) = blockdelete(r, bl_right(bl));
     241      9855229 :       bl_left(r) = bl_left(bl);
     242      9855229 :       bl = r;
     243              :     }
     244              :   }
     245    277710789 :   fix_height(bl);
     246    277710789 :   b = blockbalance(bl);
     247    277710789 :   if (b > 1)
     248              :   {
     249      3522013 :     if (blockbalance(bl_left(bl)) >= 0) return bl_rotright(bl);
     250              :     else
     251       429708 :     { bl_left(bl) = bl_rotleft(bl_left(bl)); return bl_rotright(bl); }
     252              :   }
     253    274188776 :   if (b < -1)
     254              :   {
     255      1415080 :     if (blockbalance(bl_right(bl)) <= 0) return bl_rotleft(bl);
     256              :     else
     257       341691 :     { bl_right(bl) = bl_rotright(bl_right(bl)); return bl_rotleft(bl); }
     258              :   }
     259    272773696 :   return bl;
     260              : }
     261              : 
     262              : /* If x is a component of a block, return the latter. Else return NULL */
     263              : static GEN
     264    242353538 : is_in_block(GEN x)
     265              : {
     266    242353538 :   GEN bl = root_block;
     267    882439936 :   while (bl)
     268              :   {
     269    871105336 :     if (x >= bl  && x < bl + bl_size(bl)) return bl;
     270    640086398 :     bl = x < bl ? bl_left(bl): bl_right(bl);
     271              :   }
     272     11334600 :   return NULL; /* Unknown address */
     273              : }
     274              : /* If x is a clone, return it. Else if x is a component of a clone, return
     275              :  * the latter. Else return NULL */
     276              : static GEN
     277    694804967 : clonesearch(GEN x)
     278              : {
     279    694804967 :   if (isclone(x)) return x;
     280    520197116 :   if (!isonstack(x) && !is_universal_constant(x))
     281              :   {
     282    241166436 :     x = is_in_block(x);
     283    241166436 :     if (x && isclone(x)) return x;
     284              :   }
     285    290367032 :   return NULL;
     286              : }
     287              : 
     288              : void
     289    347180409 : clone_lock(GEN x)
     290              : {
     291    347180409 :   GEN y = clonesearch(x);
     292    347180409 :   if (y)
     293              :   {
     294    201996525 :     if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     295            0 :       err_printf("locking block no %ld: %08lx from %08lx\n", bl_num(y), y, x);
     296    201996525 :     ++bl_refc(y);
     297              :   }
     298    347180409 : }
     299              : 
     300              : void
     301    288305935 : clone_unlock(GEN x)
     302              : {
     303    288305935 :   GEN y = clonesearch(x);
     304    288305935 :   if (y)
     305              :   {
     306    150313845 :     if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     307            0 :       err_printf("unlocking block no %ld: %08lx from %08lx\n", bl_num(y), y, x);
     308    150313845 :     gunclone(y);
     309              :   }
     310    288305935 : }
     311              : 
     312              : void
     313     59318623 : clone_unlock_deep(GEN x)
     314              : {
     315     59318623 :   GEN y = clonesearch(x);
     316     59318623 :   if (y)
     317              :   {
     318     52127565 :     if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     319            0 :       err_printf("unlocking deep block no %ld: %08lx from %08lx\n", bl_num(y), y, x);
     320     52127565 :     gunclone_deep(y);
     321              :   }
     322     59318623 : }
     323              : 
     324              : /* Return x, where:
     325              :  * x[-8]: AVL height
     326              :  * x[-7]: adress of left child or NULL
     327              :  * x[-6]: adress of right child or NULL
     328              :  * x[-5]: size
     329              :  * x[-4]: reference count
     330              :  * x[-3]: adress of next block
     331              :  * x[-2]: adress of preceding block.
     332              :  * x[-1]: number of allocated blocs.
     333              :  * x[0..n-1]: malloc-ed memory. */
     334              : GEN
     335    237751722 : newblock_t(size_t n, long rec)
     336              : {
     337    237751722 :   long d = 0;
     338              :   long *x;
     339    237751722 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START
     340    237751722 :   x = (long *) pari_malloc((n + BL_HEAD)*sizeof(long)) + BL_HEAD;
     341              : 
     342    237751722 :   bl_size(x) = n;
     343    237751722 :   bl_refc(x) = 1;
     344    237751722 :   bl_next(x) = 0;
     345    237751722 :   bl_prev(x) = cur_block;
     346    237751722 :   bl_num(x)  = next_block++;
     347    237751722 :   if (cur_block) bl_next(cur_block) = x;
     348    237751722 :   if (rec)
     349     76015468 :     root_block = blockinsert(x, root_block, &d);
     350              :   else
     351              :   {
     352    161736254 :     bl_height(x) = 0;
     353    161736254 :     bl_left(x) = 0;
     354    161736254 :     bl_right(x)  = 0;
     355              :   }
     356    237751722 :   if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     357            0 :     err_printf("new block, size %6lu (no %ld): %08lx\n", n, next_block-1, x);
     358    237751722 :   cur_block = x;
     359    237751722 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END
     360    237751722 :   return cur_block;
     361              : }
     362              : 
     363              : GEN
     364        37887 : gcloneref(GEN x)
     365              : {
     366        37887 :   if (isclone(x)) { ++bl_refc(x); return x; }
     367        37369 :   else return gclone(x);
     368              : }
     369              : 
     370              : void
     371            0 : gclone_refc(GEN x) { ++bl_refc(x); }
     372              : 
     373              : void
     374    388065657 : gunclone(GEN x)
     375              : {
     376    388065657 :   if (--bl_refc(x) > 0) return;
     377    237751714 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     378    237751714 :   if (bl_height(x))
     379     76015468 :     root_block = blockdelete(x, root_block);
     380    237751714 :   if (bl_next(x)) bl_prev(bl_next(x)) = bl_prev(x);
     381              :   else
     382              :   {
     383     41108457 :     cur_block = bl_prev(x);
     384     41108457 :     next_block = bl_num(x);
     385              :   }
     386    237751714 :   if (bl_prev(x)) bl_next(bl_prev(x)) = bl_next(x);
     387    237751714 :   if (DEBUGMEM > 2)
     388            0 :     err_printf("killing block (no %ld): %08lx\n", bl_num(x), x);
     389    237751714 :   free((void*)bl_base(x)); /* pari_free not needed: we already block */
     390    237751714 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     391              : }
     392              : 
     393              : static void
     394    134774100 : vec_gunclone_deep(GEN x)
     395              : {
     396    134774100 :   long i, l = lg(x);
     397   3159605032 :   for (i = 1; i < l; i++) gunclone_deep(gel(x,i));
     398    134774100 : }
     399              : /* Recursively look for clones in the container and kill them. Then kill
     400              :  * container if clone. */
     401              : void
     402   3279530611 : gunclone_deep(GEN x)
     403              : {
     404              :   GEN v;
     405   3279530611 :   if (isclone(x) && bl_refc(x) > 1) { --bl_refc(x); return; }
     406   3227401996 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     407   3227401996 :   switch(typ(x))
     408              :   {
     409    134772715 :     case t_VEC: case t_COL: case t_MAT:
     410    134772715 :       vec_gunclone_deep(x);
     411    134772715 :       break;
     412         6182 :     case t_LIST:
     413         6182 :       if ((v = list_data(x))) { vec_gunclone_deep(v); gunclone(v); }
     414         6182 :       break;
     415              :   }
     416   3227401996 :   if (isclone(x)) gunclone(x);
     417   3227401996 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     418              : }
     419              : 
     420              : int
     421       391033 : pop_entree_block(entree *ep, long loc)
     422              : {
     423       391033 :   GEN x = (GEN)ep->value;
     424       391033 :   if (bl_num(x) < loc) return 0; /* older */
     425          462 :   if (DEBUGMEM>2)
     426            0 :     err_printf("popping %s (block no %ld)\n", ep->name, bl_num(x));
     427          462 :   gunclone_deep(x); return 1;
     428              : }
     429              : 
     430              : /***************************************************************************
     431              :  **                                                                       **
     432              :  **                           Export                                      **
     433              :  **                                                                       **
     434              :  ***************************************************************************/
     435              : 
     436              : static hashtable *export_hash;
     437              : static void
     438         1895 : pari_init_export(void)
     439              : {
     440         1895 :   export_hash = hash_create_str(1,0);
     441         1895 : }
     442              : static void
     443         1887 : pari_close_export(void)
     444              : {
     445         1887 :   hash_destroy(export_hash);
     446         1887 : }
     447              : 
     448              : /* Exported values are blocks, but do not have the clone bit set so that they
     449              :  * are not affected by clone_lock and ensure_nb, etc. */
     450              : 
     451              : void
     452           59 : export_add(const char *str, GEN val)
     453              : {
     454              :   hashentry *h;
     455           59 :   val = gclone(val); unsetisclone(val);
     456           59 :   h = hash_search(export_hash, (void*) str);
     457           59 :   if (h)
     458              :   {
     459           21 :     GEN v = (GEN)h->val;
     460           21 :     h->val = val;
     461           21 :     setisclone(v); gunclone(v);
     462              :   }
     463              :   else
     464           38 :     hash_insert(export_hash,(void*)str, (void*) val);
     465           59 : }
     466              : 
     467              : void
     468           24 : export_del(const char *str)
     469              : {
     470           24 :   hashentry *h = hash_remove(export_hash,(void*)str);
     471           24 :   if (h)
     472              :   {
     473           24 :     GEN v = (GEN)h->val;
     474           24 :     setisclone(v); gunclone(v);
     475           24 :     pari_free(h);
     476              :   }
     477           24 : }
     478              : 
     479              : GEN
     480         1500 : export_get(const char *str)
     481              : {
     482         1500 :   return hash_haskey_GEN(export_hash,(void*)str);
     483              : }
     484              : 
     485              : void
     486            6 : unexportall(void)
     487              : {
     488            6 :   pari_sp av = avma;
     489            6 :   GEN keys = hash_keys(export_hash);
     490            6 :   long i, l = lg(keys);
     491           24 :   for (i = 1; i < l; i++) mt_export_del((const char *)keys[i]);
     492            6 :   set_avma(av);
     493            6 : }
     494              : 
     495              : void
     496            6 : exportall(void)
     497              : {
     498              :   long i;
     499          816 :   for (i = 0; i < functions_tblsz; i++)
     500              :   {
     501              :     entree *ep;
     502         9240 :     for (ep = functions_hash[i]; ep; ep = ep->next)
     503         8430 :       if (EpVALENCE(ep)==EpVAR) mt_export_add(ep->name, (GEN)ep->value);
     504              :   }
     505            6 : }
     506              : 
     507              : /*********************************************************************/
     508              : /*                                                                   */
     509              : /*                       C STACK SIZE CONTROL                        */
     510              : /*                                                                   */
     511              : /*********************************************************************/
     512              : /* Avoid core dump on deep recursion. Adapted Perl code by Dominic Dunlop */
     513              : THREAD void *PARI_stack_limit = NULL;
     514              : 
     515              : #ifdef STACK_CHECK
     516              : 
     517              : #  ifdef __EMX__                                /* Emulate */
     518              : void
     519              : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     520              : {
     521              :   if (!pari_stack_base) { PARI_stack_limit = NULL; return; }
     522              :   PARI_stack_limit = get_stack(1./16, 32*1024);
     523              : }
     524              : #  elif _WIN32
     525              : void
     526              : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     527              : {
     528              :   ulong size = 1UL << 21;
     529              :   if (!pari_stack_base) { PARI_stack_limit = NULL; return; }
     530              :   if (size > (ulong)pari_stack_base)
     531              :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)(((ulong)pari_stack_base) / 16);
     532              :   else
     533              :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)((ulong)pari_stack_base - (size/16)*15);
     534              : }
     535              : #  else /* !__EMX__ && !_WIN32 */
     536              : /* Set PARI_stack_limit to (a little above) the lowest safe address that can be
     537              :  * used on the stack. Leave PARI_stack_limit at its initial value (NULL) to
     538              :  * show no check should be made [init failed]. Assume stack grows downward. */
     539              : void
     540       380443 : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     541              : {
     542              :   struct rlimit rip;
     543              :   ulong size;
     544       380443 :   if (!pari_stack_base) { PARI_stack_limit = NULL; return; }
     545       380443 :   if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rip)) return;
     546       380443 :   size = rip.rlim_cur;
     547       380443 :   if (size == (ulong)RLIM_INFINITY || size > (ulong)pari_stack_base)
     548            0 :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)(((ulong)pari_stack_base) / 16);
     549              :   else
     550       380443 :     PARI_stack_limit = (void*)((ulong)pari_stack_base - (size/16)*15);
     551              : }
     552              : #  endif /* !__EMX__ */
     553              : 
     554              : #else
     555              : void
     556              : pari_stackcheck_init(void *pari_stack_base)
     557              : {
     558              :   (void) pari_stack_base; PARI_stack_limit = NULL;
     559              : }
     560              : #endif /* STACK_CHECK */
     561              : 
     562              : /*******************************************************************/
     563              : /*                         HEAP TRAVERSAL                          */
     564              : /*******************************************************************/
     565              : struct getheap_t { long n, l; };
     566              : /* x is a block, not necessarily a clone [x[0] may not be set] */
     567              : static void
     568         6734 : f_getheap(GEN x, void *D)
     569              : {
     570         6734 :   struct getheap_t *T = (struct getheap_t*)D;
     571         6734 :   T->n++;
     572         6734 :   T->l += bl_size(x) + BL_HEAD;
     573         6734 : }
     574              : GEN
     575           84 : getheap(void)
     576              : {
     577           84 :   struct getheap_t T = { 0, 0 };
     578           84 :   traverseheap(&f_getheap, &T); return mkvec2s(T.n, T.l);
     579              : }
     580              : 
     581              : void
     582           84 : traverseheap( void(*f)(GEN, void *), void *data)
     583              : {
     584              :   GEN x;
     585         6818 :   for (x = cur_block; x; x = bl_prev(x)) f(x, data);
     586           84 : }
     587              : 
     588              : /*********************************************************************/
     589              : /*                          DAEMON / FORK                            */
     590              : /*********************************************************************/
     591              : #if defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_SETSID)
     592              : /* Properly fork a process, detaching from main process group without creating
     593              :  * zombies on exit. Parent returns 1, son returns 0 */
     594              : int
     595           76 : pari_daemon(void)
     596              : {
     597           76 :   pid_t pid = fork();
     598           76 :   switch(pid) {
     599            0 :       case -1: return 1; /* father, fork failed */
     600            0 :       case 0:
     601            0 :         (void)setsid(); /* son becomes process group leader */
     602            0 :         if (fork()) _exit(0); /* now son exits, also when fork fails */
     603            0 :         break; /* grandson: its father is the son, which exited,
     604              :                 * hence father becomes 'init', that'll take care of it */
     605           76 :       default: /* father, fork succeeded */
     606           76 :         (void)waitpid(pid,NULL,0); /* wait for son to exit, immediate */
     607           76 :         return 1;
     608              :   }
     609              :   /* grandson. The silly '!' avoids a gcc-8 warning (unused value) */
     610            0 :   (void)!freopen("/dev/null","r",stdin);
     611            0 :   return 0;
     612              : }
     613              : #else
     614              : int
     615              : pari_daemon(void)
     616              : {
     617              :   pari_err_IMPL("pari_daemon without waitpid & setsid");
     618              :   return 0;
     619              : }
     620              : #endif
     621              : 
     622              : /*********************************************************************/
     623              : /*                                                                   */
     624              : /*                       SYSTEM INITIALIZATION                       */
     625              : /*                                                                   */
     626              : /*********************************************************************/
     627              : static int try_to_restore = 0;
     628              : THREAD VOLATILE int PARI_SIGINT_block = 0, PARI_SIGINT_pending = 0;
     629              : 
     630              : /*********************************************************************/
     631              : /*                         SIGNAL HANDLERS                           */
     632              : /*********************************************************************/
     633              : static void
     634            0 : dflt_sigint_fun(void) { pari_err(e_MISC, "user interrupt"); }
     635              : 
     636              : #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN32__)
     637              : int win32ctrlc = 0, win32alrm = 0;
     638              : void
     639              : dowin32ctrlc(void)
     640              : {
     641              :   win32ctrlc = 0;
     642              :   cb_pari_sigint();
     643              : }
     644              : #endif
     645              : 
     646              : static void
     647            0 : pari_handle_SIGINT(void)
     648              : {
     649              : #ifdef _WIN32
     650              :   if (++win32ctrlc >= 5) _exit(3);
     651              : #else
     652            0 :   cb_pari_sigint();
     653              : #endif
     654            0 : }
     655              : 
     656              : typedef void (*pari_sighandler_t)(int);
     657              : 
     658              : pari_sighandler_t
     659        20797 : os_signal(int sig, pari_sighandler_t f)
     660              : {
     661              : #ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
     662              :   struct sigaction sa, oldsa;
     663              : 
     664        20797 :   sa.sa_handler = f;
     665        20797 :   sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
     666        20797 :   sa.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;
     667              : 
     668        20797 :   if (sigaction(sig, &sa, &oldsa)) return NULL;
     669        20797 :   return oldsa.sa_handler;
     670              : #else
     671              :   return signal(sig,f);
     672              : #endif
     673              : }
     674              : 
     675              : void
     676            0 : pari_sighandler(int sig)
     677              : {
     678              :   const char *msg;
     679              : #ifndef HAS_SIGACTION
     680              :   /*SYSV reset the signal handler in the handler*/
     681              :   (void)os_signal(sig,pari_sighandler);
     682              : #endif
     683            0 :   switch(sig)
     684              :   {
     685              : #ifdef SIGBREAK
     686              :     case SIGBREAK:
     687              :       if (PARI_SIGINT_block==1)
     688              :       {
     689              :         PARI_SIGINT_pending=SIGBREAK;
     690              :         mt_sigint();
     691              :       }
     692              :       else pari_handle_SIGINT();
     693              :       return;
     694              : #endif
     695              : 
     696              : #ifdef SIGINT
     697            0 :     case SIGINT:
     698            0 :       if (PARI_SIGINT_block==1)
     699              :       {
     700            0 :         PARI_SIGINT_pending=SIGINT;
     701            0 :         mt_sigint();
     702              :       }
     703            0 :       else pari_handle_SIGINT();
     704            0 :       return;
     705              : #endif
     706              : 
     707              : #ifdef SIGSEGV
     708            0 :     case SIGSEGV:
     709            0 :       msg="PARI/GP (Segmentation Fault)"; break;
     710              : #endif
     711              : #ifdef SIGBUS
     712            0 :     case SIGBUS:
     713            0 :       msg="PARI/GP (Bus Error)"; break;
     714              : #endif
     715              : #ifdef SIGFPE
     716            0 :     case SIGFPE:
     717            0 :       msg="PARI/GP (Floating Point Exception)"; break;
     718              : #endif
     719              : 
     720              : #ifdef SIGPIPE
     721            0 :     case SIGPIPE:
     722              :     {
     723            0 :       pariFILE *f = GP_DATA->pp->file;
     724            0 :       if (f && pari_outfile == f->file)
     725              :       {
     726            0 :         GP_DATA->pp->file = NULL; /* to avoid oo recursion on error */
     727            0 :         pari_outfile = stdout; pari_fclose(f);
     728            0 :         pari_err(e_MISC, "Broken Pipe, resetting file stack...");
     729              :       }
     730              :       return; /* LCOV_EXCL_LINE */
     731              :     }
     732              : #endif
     733              : 
     734            0 :     default: msg="signal handling"; break;
     735              :   }
     736            0 :   pari_err_BUG(msg);
     737              : }
     738              : 
     739              : void
     740         3782 : pari_sig_init(void (*f)(int))
     741              : {
     742              : #ifdef SIGBUS
     743         3782 :   (void)os_signal(SIGBUS,f);
     744              : #endif
     745              : #ifdef SIGFPE
     746         3782 :   (void)os_signal(SIGFPE,f);
     747              : #endif
     748              : #ifdef SIGINT
     749         3782 :   (void)os_signal(SIGINT,f);
     750              : #endif
     751              : #ifdef SIGBREAK
     752              :   (void)os_signal(SIGBREAK,f);
     753              : #endif
     754              : #ifdef SIGPIPE
     755         3782 :   (void)os_signal(SIGPIPE,f);
     756              : #endif
     757              : #ifdef SIGSEGV
     758         3782 :   (void)os_signal(SIGSEGV,f);
     759              : #endif
     760         3782 : }
     761              : 
     762              : /*********************************************************************/
     763              : /*                      STACK AND UNIVERSAL CONSTANTS                */
     764              : /*********************************************************************/
     765              : static void
     766         1895 : init_universal_constants(void)
     767              : {
     768         1895 :   gen_0  = (GEN)readonly_constants;
     769         1895 :   gnil   = (GEN)readonly_constants+2;
     770         1895 :   gen_1  = (GEN)readonly_constants+4;
     771         1895 :   gen_2  = (GEN)readonly_constants+7;
     772         1895 :   gen_m1 = (GEN)readonly_constants+10;
     773         1895 :   gen_m2 = (GEN)readonly_constants+13;
     774         1895 :   err_e_STACK = (GEN)readonly_constants+16;
     775         1895 :   ghalf  = (GEN)readonly_constants+18;
     776         1895 : }
     777              : 
     778              : static void
     779       379000 : pari_init_errcatch(void)
     780              : {
     781       379000 :   iferr_env = NULL;
     782       379000 :   global_err_data = NULL;
     783       379000 : }
     784              : 
     785              : void
     786         1923 : setalldebug(long n)
     787              : {
     788         1923 :   long i, l = numberof(pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr);
     789       117303 :   for (i = 0; i < l; i++) *pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i] = n;
     790         1923 : }
     791              : 
     792              : /*********************************************************************/
     793              : /*                           INIT DEFAULTS                           */
     794              : /*********************************************************************/
     795              : void
     796         1895 : pari_init_defaults(void)
     797              : {
     798              :   long i;
     799         1895 :   initout(1);
     800              : 
     801         1895 :   precreal = 128;
     802         1895 :   precdl = 16;
     803         1895 :   DEBUGLEVEL = 0;
     804         1895 :   setalldebug(0);
     805         1895 :   DEBUGMEM = 1;
     806         1895 :   disable_color = 1;
     807         1895 :   pari_logstyle = logstyle_none;
     808              : 
     809         1895 :   current_psfile = pari_strdup("pari.ps");
     810         1895 :   current_logfile= pari_strdup("pari.log");
     811         1895 :   pari_logfile = NULL;
     812              : 
     813         1895 :   pari_datadir = os_getenv("GP_DATA_DIR");
     814         1895 :   if (!pari_datadir)
     815              :   {
     816              : #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN32__)
     817              :     if (paricfg_datadir[0]=='@' && paricfg_datadir[1]==0)
     818              :       pari_datadir = win32_datadir();
     819              :     else
     820              : #endif
     821         1895 :       pari_datadir = pari_strdup(paricfg_datadir);
     822              :   }
     823            0 :   else pari_datadir= pari_strdup(pari_datadir);
     824        15160 :   for (i=0; i<c_LAST; i++) gp_colors[i] = c_NONE;
     825         1895 : }
     826              : 
     827              : /*********************************************************************/
     828              : /*                   FUNCTION HASHTABLES, MODULES                    */
     829              : /*********************************************************************/
     830              : extern entree functions_basic[], functions_default[];
     831              : static void
     832         1895 : pari_init_functions(void)
     833              : {
     834         1895 :   pari_stack_init(&s_MODULES, sizeof(*MODULES),(void**)&MODULES);
     835         1895 :   pari_stack_pushp(&s_MODULES,functions_basic);
     836         1895 :   functions_hash = (entree**) pari_calloc(sizeof(entree*)*functions_tblsz);
     837         1895 :   pari_fill_hashtable(functions_hash, functions_basic);
     838         1895 :   defaults_hash = (entree**) pari_calloc(sizeof(entree*)*functions_tblsz);
     839         1895 :   pari_add_defaults_module(functions_default);
     840         1895 : }
     841              : 
     842              : void
     843         1887 : pari_add_module(entree *ep)
     844              : {
     845         1887 :   pari_fill_hashtable(functions_hash, ep);
     846         1887 :   pari_stack_pushp(&s_MODULES, ep);
     847         1887 : }
     848              : 
     849              : void
     850         1895 : pari_add_defaults_module(entree *ep)
     851         1895 : { pari_fill_hashtable(defaults_hash, ep); }
     852              : 
     853              : /*********************************************************************/
     854              : /*                       PARI MAIN STACK                             */
     855              : /*********************************************************************/
     856              : 
     857              : #ifdef HAS_MMAP
     858              : #define PARI_STACK_ALIGN (sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
     859              : #ifndef MAP_ANONYMOUS
     860              : #define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
     861              : #endif
     862              : #ifndef MAP_NORESERVE
     863              : #define MAP_NORESERVE 0
     864              : #endif
     865              : static void *
     866       378993 : pari_mainstack_malloc(size_t size)
     867              : {
     868              :   void *b;
     869              :   /* Check that the system allows reserving "size" bytes. This is just
     870              :    * a check, we immediately free the memory. */
     871       378993 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     872       378993 :   b = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
     873       378993 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     874       378993 :   if (b == MAP_FAILED) return NULL;
     875       378993 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     876       378993 :   munmap(b, size);
     877              : 
     878              :   /* Map again, this time with MAP_NORESERVE. On some operating systems
     879              :    * like Cygwin, this is needed because remapping with PROT_NONE and
     880              :    * MAP_NORESERVE does not work as expected. */
     881       378993 :   b = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
     882              :                        MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
     883       378993 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     884       378993 :   if (b == MAP_FAILED) return NULL;
     885       378993 :   return b;
     886              : }
     887              : 
     888              : static void
     889       378985 : pari_mainstack_mfree(void *s, size_t size)
     890              : {
     891       378985 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     892       378985 :   munmap(s, size);
     893       378985 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     894       378985 : }
     895              : 
     896              : /* Completely discard the memory mapped between the addresses "from"
     897              :  * and "to" (which must be page-aligned).
     898              :  *
     899              :  * We use mmap() with PROT_NONE, which means that the underlying memory
     900              :  * is freed and that the kernel should not commit memory for it. We
     901              :  * still keep the mapping such that we can change the flags to
     902              :  * PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE later.
     903              :  *
     904              :  * NOTE: remapping with MAP_FIXED and PROT_NONE is not the same as
     905              :  * calling mprotect(..., PROT_NONE) because the latter will keep the
     906              :  * memory committed (this is in particular relevant on Linux with
     907              :  * vm.overcommit = 2). This remains true even when calling
     908              :  * madvise(..., MADV_DONTNEED). */
     909              : static void
     910       501129 : pari_mainstack_mreset(pari_sp from, pari_sp to)
     911              : {
     912       501129 :   size_t s = to - from;
     913              :   void *addr, *res;
     914       501129 :   if (!s) return;
     915              : 
     916           21 :   addr = (void*)from;
     917           21 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     918           21 :   res = mmap(addr, s, PROT_NONE,
     919              :              MAP_FIXED|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
     920           21 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     921           21 :   if (res != addr) pari_err(e_MEM);
     922              : }
     923              : 
     924              : /* Commit (make available) the virtual memory mapped between the
     925              :  * addresses "from" and "to" (which must be page-aligned).
     926              :  * Return 0 if successful, -1 if failed. */
     927              : static int
     928       501129 : pari_mainstack_mextend(pari_sp from, pari_sp to)
     929              : {
     930       501129 :   size_t s = to - from;
     931              :   int ret;
     932       501129 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     933       501129 :   ret = mprotect((void*)from, s, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE);
     934       501129 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     935       501129 :   return ret;
     936              : }
     937              : 
     938              : /* Set actual stack size to the given size. This sets st->size and
     939              :  * st->bot. If not enough system memory is available, this can fail.
     940              :  * Return 1 if successful, 0 if failed (in that case, st->size is not
     941              :  * changed) */
     942              : static int
     943       501129 : pari_mainstack_setsize(struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t size)
     944              : {
     945       501129 :   pari_sp newbot = st->top - size;
     946              :   /* Align newbot to pagesize */
     947       501129 :   pari_sp alignbot = newbot & ~(pari_sp)(PARI_STACK_ALIGN - 1);
     948       501129 :   if (pari_mainstack_mextend(alignbot, st->top))
     949              :   {
     950              :     /* Making the memory available did not work: limit vsize to the
     951              :      * current actual stack size. */
     952            0 :     st->vsize = st->size;
     953            0 :     pari_warn(warnstack, st->vsize);
     954            0 :     return 0;
     955              :   }
     956       501129 :   pari_mainstack_mreset(st->vbot, alignbot);
     957       501129 :   st->bot = newbot;
     958       501129 :   st->size = size;
     959       501129 :   return 1;
     960              : }
     961              : 
     962              : #else
     963              : #define PARI_STACK_ALIGN (0x40UL)
     964              : static void *
     965              : pari_mainstack_malloc(size_t s)
     966              : {
     967              :   char * tmp;
     968              :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
     969              :   tmp = malloc(s); /* NOT pari_malloc, e_MEM would be deadly */
     970              :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
     971              :   return tmp;
     972              : }
     973              : 
     974              : static void
     975              : pari_mainstack_mfree(void *s, size_t size) { (void) size; pari_free(s); }
     976              : 
     977              : static int
     978              : pari_mainstack_setsize(struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t size)
     979              : {
     980              :   st->bot = st->top - size;
     981              :   st->size = size;
     982              :   return 1;
     983              : }
     984              : 
     985              : #endif
     986              : 
     987              : static const size_t MIN_STACK = 500032UL;
     988              : static size_t
     989       757978 : fix_size(size_t a)
     990              : {
     991       757978 :   size_t ps = PARI_STACK_ALIGN;
     992       757978 :   size_t b = a & ~(ps - 1); /* Align */
     993       757978 :   if (b < a && b < ~(ps - 1)) b += ps;
     994       757978 :   if (b < MIN_STACK) b = MIN_STACK;
     995       757978 :   return b;
     996              : }
     997              : 
     998              : static void
     999       378993 : pari_mainstack_alloc(int numerr, struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1000              : {
    1001       378993 :   size_t sizemax = vsize ? vsize: rsize, s = fix_size(sizemax);
    1002              :   for (;;)
    1003              :   {
    1004       378993 :     st->vbot = (pari_sp)pari_mainstack_malloc(s);
    1005       378993 :     if (st->vbot) break;
    1006            0 :     if (s == MIN_STACK) pari_err(e_MEM); /* no way out. Die */
    1007            0 :     s = fix_size(s >> 1);
    1008            0 :     pari_warn(numerr, s);
    1009              :   }
    1010       378993 :   st->vsize = vsize ? s: 0;
    1011       378993 :   st->rsize = minuu(rsize, s);
    1012       378993 :   st->top = st->vbot+s;
    1013       378993 :   if (!pari_mainstack_setsize(st, st->rsize))
    1014              :   {
    1015              :     /* This should never happen since we only decrease the allocated space */
    1016            0 :     pari_err(e_MEM);
    1017              :   }
    1018       378993 :   st->memused = 0;
    1019       378993 : }
    1020              : 
    1021              : static void
    1022       378985 : pari_mainstack_free(struct pari_mainstack *st)
    1023              : {
    1024       378985 :   pari_mainstack_mfree((void*)st->vbot, st->vsize ? st->vsize : fix_size(st->rsize));
    1025       378985 :   st->top = st->bot = st->vbot = 0;
    1026       378985 :   st->size = st->vsize = 0;
    1027       378985 : }
    1028              : 
    1029              : static void
    1030          445 : pari_mainstack_resize(struct pari_mainstack *st, size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1031              : {
    1032          445 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
    1033          445 :   pari_mainstack_free(st);
    1034          445 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstack, st, rsize, vsize);
    1035          445 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
    1036          445 : }
    1037              : 
    1038              : static void
    1039       378548 : pari_mainstack_use(struct pari_mainstack *st)
    1040              : {
    1041       378548 :   pari_mainstack = st;
    1042       378548 :   avma = st->top; /* don't use set_avma */
    1043       378548 : }
    1044              : 
    1045              : static void
    1046         1895 : paristack_alloc(size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1047              : {
    1048         1895 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstack, pari_mainstack, rsize, vsize);
    1049         1895 :   pari_mainstack_use(pari_mainstack);
    1050         1895 : }
    1051              : 
    1052              : void
    1053            0 : paristack_setsize(size_t rsize, size_t vsize)
    1054              : {
    1055            0 :   pari_mainstack_resize(pari_mainstack, rsize, vsize);
    1056            0 :   pari_mainstack_use(pari_mainstack);
    1057            0 : }
    1058              : 
    1059              : void
    1060            0 : parivstack_resize(ulong newsize)
    1061              : {
    1062              :   size_t s;
    1063            0 :   if (newsize && newsize < pari_mainstack->rsize)
    1064            0 :     pari_err_DIM("stack sizes [parisizemax < parisize]");
    1065            0 :   if (newsize == pari_mainstack->vsize) return;
    1066            0 :   evalstate_reset();
    1067            0 :   paristack_setsize(pari_mainstack->rsize, newsize);
    1068            0 :   s = pari_mainstack->vsize ? pari_mainstack->vsize : pari_mainstack->rsize;
    1069            0 :   if (DEBUGMEM)
    1070            0 :     pari_warn(warner,"new maximum stack size = %lu (%.3f Mbytes)",
    1071              :               s, s/1048576.);
    1072            0 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1073            0 :   cb_pari_err_recover(-1);
    1074              : }
    1075              : 
    1076              : void
    1077          452 : paristack_newrsize(ulong newsize)
    1078              : {
    1079          452 :   size_t s, vsize = pari_mainstack->vsize;
    1080          452 :   if (!newsize) newsize = pari_mainstack->rsize << 1;
    1081          452 :   if (newsize != pari_mainstack->rsize)
    1082          445 :     pari_mainstack_resize(pari_mainstack, newsize, vsize);
    1083          452 :   evalstate_reset();
    1084          452 :   s = pari_mainstack->rsize;
    1085          452 :   if (DEBUGMEM)
    1086          452 :     pari_warn(warner,"new stack size = %lu (%.3f Mbytes)", s, s/1048576.);
    1087          452 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1088          452 :   cb_pari_err_recover(-1);
    1089            0 : }
    1090              : 
    1091              : void
    1092            0 : paristack_resize(ulong newsize)
    1093              : {
    1094            0 :   long size = pari_mainstack->size;
    1095            0 :   if (!newsize)
    1096            0 :     newsize = 2 * size;
    1097            0 :   newsize = minuu(newsize, pari_mainstack->vsize);
    1098            0 :   if (newsize <= pari_mainstack->size) return;
    1099            0 :   if (pari_mainstack_setsize(pari_mainstack, newsize))
    1100              :   {
    1101            0 :     if (DEBUGMEM)
    1102            0 :       pari_warn(warner, "increasing stack size to %lu", pari_mainstack->size);
    1103              :   }
    1104              :   else
    1105              :   {
    1106            0 :     pari_mainstack_setsize(pari_mainstack, size);
    1107            0 :     pari_err(e_STACK);
    1108              :   }
    1109              : }
    1110              : 
    1111              : void
    1112       122136 : parivstack_reset(void)
    1113              : {
    1114       122136 :   pari_mainstack_setsize(pari_mainstack, pari_mainstack->rsize);
    1115       122136 :   if (avma < pari_mainstack->bot)
    1116            0 :     pari_err_BUG("parivstack_reset [avma < bot]");
    1117       122136 : }
    1118              : 
    1119              : /* Enlarge the stack if needed such that the unused portion of the stack
    1120              :  * (between bot and avma) is large enough to contain x longs. */
    1121              : void
    1122           18 : new_chunk_resize(size_t x)
    1123              : {
    1124           18 :   if (pari_mainstack->vsize==0
    1125           18 :     || x > (avma-pari_mainstack->vbot) / sizeof(long)) pari_err(e_STACK);
    1126            0 :   while (x > (avma-pari_mainstack->bot) / sizeof(long))
    1127            0 :     paristack_resize(0);
    1128            0 : }
    1129              : 
    1130              : /*********************************************************************/
    1131              : /*                       PARI THREAD                                 */
    1132              : /*********************************************************************/
    1133              : 
    1134              : /* Initial PARI thread structure t with a stack of size s and
    1135              :  * argument arg */
    1136              : 
    1137              : static void
    1138       376653 : pari_thread_set_global(struct pari_global_state *gs)
    1139              : {
    1140       376653 :   setdebugvar(gs->debugvar);
    1141       376653 :   push_localbitprec(gs->bitprec);
    1142       376653 :   pari_set_primetab(gs->primetab);
    1143       376653 :   pari_set_seadata(gs->seadata);
    1144       376653 :   pari_set_varstate(gs->varpriority, &gs->varstate);
    1145       376653 : }
    1146              : 
    1147              : static void
    1148       376653 : pari_thread_get_global(struct pari_global_state *gs)
    1149              : {
    1150       376653 :   gs->debugvar = getdebugvar();
    1151       376653 :   gs->bitprec = get_localbitprec();
    1152       376653 :   gs->primetab = primetab;
    1153       376653 :   gs->seadata = pari_get_seadata();
    1154       376653 :   varstate_save(&gs->varstate);
    1155       376653 :   gs->varpriority = varpriority;
    1156       376653 : }
    1157              : 
    1158              : void
    1159       376653 : pari_thread_alloc(struct pari_thread *t, size_t s, GEN arg)
    1160              : {
    1161       376653 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstackthread, &t->st,s,0);
    1162       376653 :   pari_thread_get_global(&t->gs);
    1163       376653 :   t->data = arg;
    1164       376653 : }
    1165              : 
    1166              : /* Initial PARI thread structure t with a stack of size s and virtual size v
    1167              :  * and argument arg */
    1168              : 
    1169              : void
    1170            0 : pari_thread_valloc(struct pari_thread *t, size_t s, size_t v, GEN arg)
    1171              : {
    1172            0 :   pari_mainstack_alloc(warnstackthread, &t->st,s,v);
    1173            0 :   pari_thread_get_global(&t->gs);
    1174            0 :   t->data = arg;
    1175            0 : }
    1176              : 
    1177              : void
    1178       376653 : pari_thread_free(struct pari_thread *t)
    1179              : {
    1180       376653 :   pari_mainstack_free(&t->st);
    1181       376653 : }
    1182              : 
    1183              : void
    1184       378548 : pari_thread_init(void)
    1185              : {
    1186              :   long var;
    1187       378548 :   pari_stackcheck_init((void*)&var);
    1188       378548 :   pari_init_blocks();
    1189       378548 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1190       378548 :   pari_init_rand();
    1191       378548 :   pari_init_floats();
    1192       378548 :   pari_init_hgm();
    1193       378548 :   pari_init_parser();
    1194       378548 :   pari_init_compiler();
    1195       378548 :   pari_init_evaluator();
    1196       378548 :   pari_init_files();
    1197       378548 :   pari_init_ellcondfile();
    1198       378548 : }
    1199              : 
    1200              : void
    1201       378540 : pari_thread_close(void)
    1202              : {
    1203       378540 :   pari_thread_close_files();
    1204       378540 :   pari_close_evaluator();
    1205       378540 :   pari_close_compiler();
    1206       378540 :   pari_close_parser();
    1207       378540 :   pari_close_floats();
    1208       378540 :   pari_close_hgm();
    1209       378540 :   pari_close_blocks();
    1210       378540 : }
    1211              : 
    1212              : GEN
    1213       376653 : pari_thread_start(struct pari_thread *t)
    1214              : {
    1215       376653 :   pari_mainstack_use(&t->st);
    1216       376653 :   pari_thread_init();
    1217       376653 :   pari_thread_set_global(&t->gs);
    1218       376653 :   mt_thread_init();
    1219       376653 :   return t->data;
    1220              : }
    1221              : 
    1222              : /*********************************************************************/
    1223              : /*                       LIBPARI INIT / CLOSE                        */
    1224              : /*********************************************************************/
    1225              : 
    1226              : static void
    1227            0 : pari_exit(void)
    1228              : {
    1229            0 :   err_printf("  ***   Error in the PARI system. End of program.\n");
    1230            0 :   exit(1);
    1231              : }
    1232              : 
    1233              : static void
    1234            0 : dflt_err_recover(long errnum) { (void) errnum; pari_exit(); }
    1235              : 
    1236              : static void
    1237            0 : dflt_pari_quit(long err) { (void)err; /*do nothing*/; }
    1238              : 
    1239              : /* initialize PARI data. Initialize [new|old]fun to NULL for default set. */
    1240              : void
    1241         1895 : pari_init_opts(size_t parisize, ulong maxprime, ulong init_opts)
    1242              : {
    1243              :   ulong u;
    1244              : 
    1245         1895 :   pari_mt_nbthreads = 0;
    1246         1895 :   cb_pari_quit = dflt_pari_quit;
    1247         1895 :   cb_pari_init_histfile = NULL;
    1248         1895 :   cb_pari_get_line_interactive = NULL;
    1249         1895 :   cb_pari_fgets_interactive = NULL;
    1250         1895 :   cb_pari_whatnow = NULL;
    1251         1895 :   cb_pari_handle_exception = NULL;
    1252         1895 :   cb_pari_err_handle = pari_err_display;
    1253         1895 :   cb_pari_pre_recover = NULL;
    1254         1895 :   cb_pari_break_loop = NULL;
    1255         1895 :   cb_pari_is_interactive = NULL;
    1256         1895 :   cb_pari_start_output = NULL;
    1257         1895 :   cb_pari_sigint = dflt_sigint_fun;
    1258         1895 :   cb_pari_long_help = NULL;
    1259         1895 :   if (init_opts&INIT_JMPm) cb_pari_err_recover = dflt_err_recover;
    1260              : 
    1261         1895 :   pari_stackcheck_init(&u);
    1262         1895 :   pari_init_homedir();
    1263         1895 :   if (init_opts&INIT_DFTm) {
    1264            0 :     pari_init_defaults();
    1265            0 :     GP_DATA = default_gp_data();
    1266            0 :     pari_init_paths();
    1267              :   }
    1268              : 
    1269         1895 :   pari_mainstack = (struct pari_mainstack *) malloc(sizeof(*pari_mainstack));
    1270         1895 :   paristack_alloc(parisize, 0);
    1271         1895 :   init_universal_constants();
    1272         1895 :   pari_PRIMES = NULL;
    1273         1895 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noPRIMEm))
    1274            0 :     pari_init_primes(maxprime, GP_DATA->factorlimit);
    1275         1895 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noINTGMPm)) pari_kernel_init();
    1276         1895 :   pari_init_graphics();
    1277         1895 :   pari_thread_init();
    1278         1895 :   pari_set_primetab(NULL);
    1279         1895 :   pari_set_seadata(NULL);
    1280         1895 :   pari_init_functions();
    1281         1895 :   pari_init_export();
    1282         1895 :   pari_var_init();
    1283         1895 :   pari_init_timer();
    1284         1895 :   pari_init_buffers();
    1285         1895 :   (void)getabstime();
    1286         1895 :   try_to_restore = 1;
    1287         1895 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noIMTm)) pari_mt_init();
    1288         1895 :   if ((init_opts&INIT_SIGm)) pari_sig_init(pari_sighandler);
    1289         1895 : }
    1290              : 
    1291              : void
    1292            0 : pari_init(size_t parisize, ulong maxprime)
    1293            0 : { pari_init_opts(parisize, maxprime, INIT_JMPm | INIT_SIGm | INIT_DFTm); }
    1294              : 
    1295              : void
    1296         1887 : pari_close_opts(ulong init_opts)
    1297              : {
    1298              :   long i;
    1299              : 
    1300         1887 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START;
    1301         1887 :   if ((init_opts&INIT_SIGm)) pari_sig_init(SIG_DFL);
    1302         1887 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noIMTm)) pari_mt_close();
    1303              : 
    1304         1887 :   pari_var_close(); /* must come before destruction of functions_hash */
    1305       256632 :   for (i = 0; i < functions_tblsz; i++)
    1306              :   {
    1307       254745 :     entree *ep = functions_hash[i];
    1308      2935098 :     while (ep) {
    1309      2680353 :       entree *EP = ep->next;
    1310      2680353 :       if (!EpSTATIC(ep)) { freeep(ep); free(ep); }
    1311      2680353 :       ep = EP;
    1312              :     }
    1313              :   }
    1314         1887 :   pari_close_mf();
    1315         1887 :   pari_thread_close();
    1316         1887 :   pari_close_export();
    1317         1887 :   pari_close_files();
    1318         1887 :   pari_close_homedir();
    1319         1887 :   if (!(init_opts&INIT_noINTGMPm)) pari_kernel_close();
    1320              : 
    1321         1887 :   free((void*)functions_hash);
    1322         1887 :   free((void*)defaults_hash);
    1323         1887 :   if (pari_PRIMES) pari_close_primes();
    1324         1887 :   free(current_logfile);
    1325         1887 :   free(current_psfile);
    1326         1887 :   pari_mainstack_free(pari_mainstack);
    1327         1887 :   free((void*)pari_mainstack);
    1328         1887 :   pari_stack_delete(&s_MODULES);
    1329         1887 :   if (pari_datadir) free(pari_datadir);
    1330         1887 :   if (init_opts&INIT_DFTm)
    1331              :   { /* delete GP_DATA */
    1332         1887 :     pari_close_paths();
    1333         1887 :     if (GP_DATA->hist->v) free((void*)GP_DATA->hist->v);
    1334         1887 :     if (GP_DATA->pp->cmd) free((void*)GP_DATA->pp->cmd);
    1335         1887 :     if (GP_DATA->help) free((void*)GP_DATA->help);
    1336         1887 :     if (GP_DATA->plothsizes) free((void*)GP_DATA->plothsizes);
    1337         1887 :     if (GP_DATA->colormap) pari_free(GP_DATA->colormap);
    1338         1887 :     if (GP_DATA->graphcolors) pari_free(GP_DATA->graphcolors);
    1339         1887 :     free((void*)GP_DATA->prompt);
    1340         1887 :     free((void*)GP_DATA->prompt_cont);
    1341         1887 :     free((void*)GP_DATA->histfile);
    1342              :   }
    1343         1887 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END;
    1344         1887 : }
    1345              : 
    1346              : void
    1347         1887 : pari_close(void)
    1348         1887 : { pari_close_opts(INIT_JMPm | INIT_SIGm | INIT_DFTm); }
    1349              : 
    1350              : /*******************************************************************/
    1351              : /*                                                                 */
    1352              : /*                         ERROR RECOVERY                          */
    1353              : /*                                                                 */
    1354              : /*******************************************************************/
    1355              : void
    1356       146779 : gp_context_save(struct gp_context* rec)
    1357              : {
    1358       146779 :   rec->prettyp = GP_DATA->fmt->prettyp;
    1359       146779 :   rec->listloc = next_block;
    1360       146779 :   rec->iferr_env = iferr_env;
    1361       146779 :   rec->err_data  = global_err_data;
    1362       146779 :   varstate_save(&rec->var);
    1363       146779 :   evalstate_save(&rec->eval);
    1364       146779 :   parsestate_save(&rec->parse);
    1365       146779 :   filestate_save(&rec->file);
    1366       146779 : }
    1367              : 
    1368              : void
    1369        13165 : gp_context_restore(struct gp_context* rec)
    1370              : {
    1371              :   long i;
    1372              : 
    1373        13165 :   if (!try_to_restore) return;
    1374              :   /* disable gp_context_restore() and SIGINT */
    1375        13165 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_START
    1376        13165 :   try_to_restore = 0;
    1377        13165 :   if (DEBUGMEM>2) err_printf("entering recover(), loc = %ld\n", rec->listloc);
    1378        13165 :   evalstate_restore(&rec->eval);
    1379        13165 :   parsestate_restore(&rec->parse);
    1380        13165 :   filestate_restore(&rec->file);
    1381        13165 :   global_err_data = rec->err_data;
    1382        13165 :   iferr_env = rec->iferr_env;
    1383        13165 :   GP_DATA->fmt->prettyp = rec->prettyp;
    1384              : 
    1385      1790440 :   for (i = 0; i < functions_tblsz; i++)
    1386              :   {
    1387      1777275 :     entree *ep = functions_hash[i];
    1388     21351656 :     while (ep)
    1389              :     {
    1390     19574381 :       entree *EP = ep->next;
    1391     19574381 :       switch(EpVALENCE(ep))
    1392              :       {
    1393       425911 :         case EpVAR:
    1394       426373 :           while (pop_val_if_newer(ep,rec->listloc)) /* empty */;
    1395       425911 :           break;
    1396       704305 :         case EpNEW: break;
    1397              :       }
    1398     19574381 :       ep = EP;
    1399              :     }
    1400              :   }
    1401        13165 :   varstate_restore(&rec->var);
    1402        13165 :   try_to_restore = 1;
    1403        13165 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END
    1404        13165 :   if (DEBUGMEM>2) err_printf("leaving recover()\n");
    1405              : }
    1406              : 
    1407              : static void
    1408        13090 : err_recover(long numerr)
    1409              : {
    1410        13090 :   if (cb_pari_pre_recover)
    1411        13090 :     cb_pari_pre_recover(numerr);
    1412            0 :   evalstate_reset();
    1413            0 :   killallfiles();
    1414            0 :   pari_init_errcatch();
    1415            0 :   cb_pari_err_recover(numerr);
    1416            0 : }
    1417              : 
    1418              : static void
    1419        14039 : err_init(void)
    1420              : {
    1421              :   /* make sure pari_err msg starts at the beginning of line */
    1422        14039 :   if (!pari_last_was_newline()) pari_putc('\n');
    1423        14039 :   pariOut->flush();
    1424        14039 :   pariErr->flush();
    1425        14039 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_ERR);
    1426        14039 : }
    1427              : 
    1428              : static void
    1429        13897 : err_init_msg(int user)
    1430              : {
    1431              :   const char *gp_function_name;
    1432        13897 :   out_puts(pariErr, "  *** ");
    1433        13897 :   if (!user && (gp_function_name = closure_func_err()))
    1434        10212 :     out_printf(pariErr, "%s: ", gp_function_name);
    1435              :   else
    1436         3685 :     out_puts(pariErr, "  ");
    1437        13897 : }
    1438              : 
    1439              : void
    1440          928 : pari_warn(int numerr, ...)
    1441              : {
    1442              :   char *ch1;
    1443              :   va_list ap;
    1444              : 
    1445          928 :   va_start(ap,numerr);
    1446              : 
    1447          928 :   err_init();
    1448          928 :   err_init_msg(numerr==warnuser || numerr==warnstack);
    1449          928 :   switch (numerr)
    1450              :   {
    1451            7 :     case warnuser:
    1452            7 :       out_puts(pariErr, "user warning: ");
    1453            7 :       out_print1(pariErr, NULL, va_arg(ap, GEN), f_RAW);
    1454            7 :       break;
    1455              : 
    1456            0 :     case warnmem:
    1457            0 :       out_puts(pariErr, "collecting garbage in "); ch1=va_arg(ap, char*);
    1458            0 :       out_vprintf(pariErr, ch1,ap); out_putc(pariErr, '.');
    1459            0 :       break;
    1460              : 
    1461          921 :     case warner:
    1462          921 :       out_puts(pariErr, "Warning: "); ch1=va_arg(ap, char*);
    1463          921 :       out_vprintf(pariErr, ch1,ap); out_putc(pariErr, '.');
    1464          921 :       break;
    1465              : 
    1466            0 :     case warnprec:
    1467            0 :       out_vprintf(pariErr, "Warning: increasing prec in %s; new prec = %ld",
    1468              :                       ap);
    1469            0 :       break;
    1470              : 
    1471            0 :     case warnfile:
    1472            0 :       out_puts(pariErr, "Warning: failed to "),
    1473            0 :       ch1 = va_arg(ap, char*);
    1474            0 :       out_printf(pariErr, "%s: %s", ch1, va_arg(ap, char*));
    1475            0 :       break;
    1476              : 
    1477            0 :     case warnstack:
    1478              :     case warnstackthread:
    1479              :     {
    1480            0 :       ulong  s = va_arg(ap, ulong);
    1481              :       char buf[128];
    1482            0 :       const char * stk = numerr == warnstackthread
    1483            0 :                          || mt_is_thread() ? "thread": "PARI";
    1484            0 :       sprintf(buf,"Warning: not enough memory, new %s stack %lu", stk, s);
    1485            0 :       out_puts(pariErr,buf);
    1486            0 :       break;
    1487              :     }
    1488              :   }
    1489          928 :   va_end(ap);
    1490          928 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_NONE);
    1491          928 :   out_putc(pariErr, '\n');
    1492          928 :   pariErr->flush();
    1493          928 : }
    1494              : void
    1495            0 : pari_sigint(const char *time_s)
    1496              : {
    1497            0 :   int recover=0;
    1498            0 :   BLOCK_SIGALRM_START
    1499            0 :   err_init();
    1500            0 :   mt_break_recover();
    1501            0 :   closure_err(0);
    1502            0 :   err_init_msg(0);
    1503            0 :   out_puts(pariErr, "user interrupt after ");
    1504            0 :   out_puts(pariErr, time_s);
    1505            0 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_NONE);
    1506            0 :   pariErr->flush();
    1507            0 :   if (cb_pari_handle_exception)
    1508            0 :     recover = cb_pari_handle_exception(-1);
    1509            0 :   if (!recover && !block)
    1510            0 :     PARI_SIGINT_pending = 0;
    1511            0 :   BLOCK_SIGINT_END
    1512            0 :   if (!recover) err_recover(e_MISC);
    1513            0 : }
    1514              : 
    1515              : #define retmkerr2(x,y)\
    1516              :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(3, t_ERROR);\
    1517              :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1518              :        gel(_v,2) = (y); return _v; } while(0)
    1519              : #define retmkerr3(x,y,z)\
    1520              :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(4, t_ERROR);\
    1521              :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1522              :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1523              :        gel(_v,3) = (z); return _v; } while(0)
    1524              : #define retmkerr4(x,y,z,t)\
    1525              :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(5, t_ERROR);\
    1526              :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1527              :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1528              :        gel(_v,3) = (z);\
    1529              :        gel(_v,4) = (t); return _v; } while(0)
    1530              : #define retmkerr5(x,y,z,t,u)\
    1531              :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(6, t_ERROR);\
    1532              :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1533              :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1534              :        gel(_v,3) = (z);\
    1535              :        gel(_v,4) = (t);\
    1536              :        gel(_v,5) = (u); return _v; } while(0)
    1537              : #define retmkerr6(x,y,z,t,u,v)\
    1538              :   do { GEN _v = cgetg(7, t_ERROR);\
    1539              :        _v[1] = (x);\
    1540              :        gel(_v,2) = (y);\
    1541              :        gel(_v,3) = (z);\
    1542              :        gel(_v,4) = (t);\
    1543              :        gel(_v,5) = (u);\
    1544              :        gel(_v,6) = (v); return _v; } while(0)
    1545              : 
    1546              : static GEN
    1547        56850 : pari_err2GEN(long numerr, va_list ap)
    1548              : {
    1549        56850 :   switch ((enum err_list) numerr)
    1550              :   {
    1551          142 :   case e_SYNTAX:
    1552              :     {
    1553          142 :       const char *msg = va_arg(ap, char*);
    1554          142 :       const char *s = va_arg(ap,char *);
    1555          142 :       const char *entry = va_arg(ap,char *);
    1556          142 :       retmkerr3(numerr,strtoGENstr(msg), mkvecsmall2((long)s,(long)entry));
    1557              :     }
    1558          397 :   case e_MISC: case e_ALARM:
    1559              :     {
    1560          397 :       const char *ch1 = va_arg(ap, char*);
    1561          397 :       retmkerr2(numerr, gvsprintf(ch1,ap));
    1562              :     }
    1563         2723 :   case e_NOTFUNC:
    1564              :   case e_USER:
    1565         2723 :     retmkerr2(numerr,va_arg(ap, GEN));
    1566            0 :   case e_FILE:
    1567              :     {
    1568            0 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1569            0 :       retmkerr3(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), strtoGENstr(va_arg(ap, char*)));
    1570              :     }
    1571           36 :   case e_FILEDESC:
    1572              :     {
    1573           36 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1574           36 :       retmkerr3(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), stoi(va_arg(ap, long)));
    1575              :     }
    1576         1875 :   case e_OVERFLOW:
    1577              :   case e_IMPL:
    1578              :   case e_DIM:
    1579              :   case e_CONSTPOL:
    1580              :   case e_ROOTS0:
    1581              :   case e_FLAG:
    1582              :   case e_PREC:
    1583              :   case e_BUG:
    1584              :   case e_ARCH:
    1585              :   case e_PACKAGE:
    1586         1875 :     retmkerr2(numerr, strtoGENstr(va_arg(ap, char*)));
    1587         1687 :   case e_MODULUS:
    1588              :   case e_VAR:
    1589              :     {
    1590         1687 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1591         1687 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1592         1687 :       GEN y = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1593         1687 :       retmkerr4(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), x,y);
    1594              :     }
    1595        42647 :   case e_INV:
    1596              :   case e_IRREDPOL:
    1597              :   case e_PRIME:
    1598              :   case e_SQRTN:
    1599              :   case e_TYPE:
    1600              :     {
    1601        42647 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1602        42647 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1603        42647 :       retmkerr3(numerr, strtoGENstr(f), x);
    1604              :     }
    1605         3990 :   case e_COPRIME: case e_OP: case e_TYPE2:
    1606              :     {
    1607         3990 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1608         3990 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1609         3990 :       GEN y = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1610         3990 :       retmkerr4(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),x,y);
    1611              :     }
    1612          214 :   case e_COMPONENT:
    1613              :     {
    1614          214 :       const char *f= va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1615          214 :       const char *op = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1616          214 :       GEN l = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1617          214 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1618          214 :       retmkerr5(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),strtoGENstr(op),l,x);
    1619              :     }
    1620         2876 :   case e_DOMAIN:
    1621              :     {
    1622         2876 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1623         2876 :       const char *v = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1624         2876 :       const char *op = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1625         2876 :       GEN l = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1626         2876 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1627         2876 :       retmkerr6(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),strtoGENstr(v),strtoGENstr(op),l,x);
    1628              :     }
    1629          245 :   case e_PRIORITY:
    1630              :     {
    1631          245 :       const char *f = va_arg(ap, const char*);
    1632          245 :       GEN x = va_arg(ap, GEN);
    1633          245 :       const char *op = va_arg(ap, const char *);
    1634          245 :       long v = va_arg(ap, long);
    1635          245 :       retmkerr5(numerr,strtoGENstr(f),x,strtoGENstr(op),stoi(v));
    1636              :     }
    1637            0 :   case e_MAXPRIME:
    1638            0 :     retmkerr2(numerr, utoi(va_arg(ap, ulong)));
    1639           18 :   case e_STACK:
    1640           18 :     return err_e_STACK;
    1641            0 :   case e_STACKTHREAD:
    1642            0 :     retmkerr3(numerr, utoi(va_arg(ap, ulong)), utoi(va_arg(ap, ulong)));
    1643            0 :   default:
    1644            0 :     return mkerr(numerr);
    1645              :   }
    1646              : }
    1647              : 
    1648              : static char *
    1649         7308 : type_dim(GEN x)
    1650              : {
    1651         7308 :   char *v = stack_malloc(64);
    1652         7308 :   switch(typ(x))
    1653              :   {
    1654          133 :     case t_MAT:
    1655              :     {
    1656          133 :       long l = lg(x), r = (l == 1)? 1: lgcols(x);
    1657          133 :       sprintf(v, "t_MAT (%ld x %ld)", r-1,l-1);
    1658          133 :       break;
    1659              :     }
    1660          133 :     case t_COL:
    1661          133 :       sprintf(v, "t_COL (%ld elts)", lg(x)-1);
    1662          133 :       break;
    1663          252 :     case t_VEC:
    1664          252 :       sprintf(v, "t_VEC (%ld elts)", lg(x)-1);
    1665          252 :       break;
    1666         6790 :     default:
    1667         6790 :       v = (char*)type_name(typ(x));
    1668              :   }
    1669         7308 :   return v;
    1670              : }
    1671              : 
    1672              : static char *
    1673         3710 : gdisplay(GEN x)
    1674              : {
    1675         3710 :   char *s = GENtostr_raw(x);
    1676         3710 :   if (strlen(s) < 1600) return s;
    1677           35 :   if (! GP_DATA->breakloop) return (char*)"(...)";
    1678            0 :   return stack_sprintf("\n  ***  (...) Huge %s omitted; you can access it via dbg_err()", type_name(typ(x)));
    1679              : }
    1680              : 
    1681              : char *
    1682        21887 : pari_err2str(GEN e)
    1683              : {
    1684        21887 :   long numerr = err_get_num(e);
    1685        21887 :   switch ((enum err_list) numerr)
    1686              :   {
    1687            0 :   case e_ALARM:
    1688            0 :     return pari_sprintf("alarm interrupt after %Ps.",gel(e,2));
    1689          385 :   case e_MISC:
    1690          385 :     return pari_sprintf("%Ps.",gel(e,2));
    1691              : 
    1692            0 :   case e_ARCH:
    1693            0 :     return pari_sprintf("sorry, '%Ps' not available on this system.",gel(e,2));
    1694           14 :   case e_BUG:
    1695           14 :     return pari_sprintf("bug in %Ps, please report.",gel(e,2));
    1696           21 :   case e_CONSTPOL:
    1697           21 :     return pari_sprintf("constant polynomial in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1698           91 :   case e_COPRIME:
    1699          273 :     return pari_sprintf("elements not coprime in %Ps:\n    %s\n    %s",
    1700           91 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)), gdisplay(gel(e,4)));
    1701          718 :   case e_DIM:
    1702          718 :     return pari_sprintf("inconsistent dimensions in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1703            0 :   case e_FILE:
    1704            0 :     return pari_sprintf("error opening %Ps: `%Ps'.", gel(e,2), gel(e,3));
    1705           36 :   case e_FILEDESC:
    1706           36 :     return pari_sprintf("invalid file descriptor in %Ps [%Ps]", gel(e,2), gel(e,3));
    1707           91 :   case e_FLAG:
    1708           91 :     return pari_sprintf("invalid flag in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1709          504 :   case e_IMPL:
    1710          504 :     return pari_sprintf("sorry, %Ps is not yet implemented.", gel(e,2));
    1711            0 :   case e_PACKAGE:
    1712            0 :     return pari_sprintf("package %Ps is required, please install it.", gel(e,2));
    1713          651 :   case e_INV:
    1714          651 :     return pari_sprintf("impossible inverse in %Ps: %s.", gel(e,2),
    1715          651 :                         gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1716           63 :   case e_IRREDPOL:
    1717          126 :     return pari_sprintf("not an irreducible polynomial in %Ps: %s.",
    1718           63 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1719            0 :   case e_MAXPRIME:
    1720              :     {
    1721            0 :       const char * msg = "not enough precomputed primes";
    1722            0 :       ulong c = itou(gel(e,2));
    1723            0 :       if (c) return pari_sprintf("%s, need primelimit ~ %lu.",msg, c);
    1724            0 :       else   return pari_strdup(msg);
    1725              :     }
    1726            0 :   case e_MEM:
    1727            0 :     return pari_strdup("not enough memory");
    1728         1316 :   case e_MODULUS:
    1729              :     {
    1730         1316 :       GEN x = gel(e,3), y = gel(e,4);
    1731         1316 :       return pari_sprintf("inconsistent moduli in %Ps: %s != %s",
    1732         1316 :                           gel(e,2), gdisplay(x), gdisplay(y));
    1733              :     }
    1734            0 :   case e_NONE: case e_STOP: return NULL;
    1735         2709 :   case e_NOTFUNC:
    1736         2709 :     return pari_strdup("not a function in function call");
    1737         3654 :   case e_OP: case e_TYPE2:
    1738              :     {
    1739         3654 :       pari_sp av = avma;
    1740              :       char *v;
    1741         3654 :       const char *f, *op = GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1742         3654 :       const char *what = numerr == e_OP? "inconsistent": "forbidden";
    1743         3654 :       GEN x = gel(e,3);
    1744         3654 :       GEN y = gel(e,4);
    1745         3654 :       switch(*op)
    1746              :       {
    1747           14 :       case '+': f = "addition"; break;
    1748          175 :       case '*': f = "multiplication"; break;
    1749         2744 :       case '/': case '%': case '\\': f = "division"; break;
    1750            0 :       case '=': op = "-->"; f = "assignment"; break;
    1751          721 :       default:  f = op; op = ","; break;
    1752              :       }
    1753         3654 :       v = pari_sprintf("%s %s %s %s %s.", what,f,type_dim(x),op,type_dim(y));
    1754         3654 :       set_avma(av); return v;
    1755              :     }
    1756          214 :   case e_COMPONENT:
    1757              :     {
    1758          214 :       const char *f= GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1759          214 :       const char *op= GSTR(gel(e,3));
    1760          214 :       GEN l = gel(e,4);
    1761          214 :       if (!*f)
    1762          154 :         return pari_sprintf("nonexistent component: index %s %Ps",op,l);
    1763           60 :       return pari_sprintf("nonexistent component in %s: index %s %Ps",f,op,l);
    1764              :     }
    1765         2766 :   case e_DOMAIN:
    1766              :     {
    1767         2766 :       const char *f = GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1768         2766 :       const char *v = GSTR(gel(e,3));
    1769         2766 :       const char *op= GSTR(gel(e,4));
    1770         2766 :       GEN l = gel(e,5);
    1771         2766 :       if (!*op)
    1772           42 :         return pari_sprintf("domain error in %s: %s out of range",f,v);
    1773         2724 :       return pari_sprintf("domain error in %s: %s %s %Ps",f,v,op,l);
    1774              :     }
    1775          196 :   case e_PRIORITY:
    1776              :     {
    1777          196 :       const char *f = GSTR(gel(e,2));
    1778          196 :       long vx = gvar(gel(e,3));
    1779          196 :       const char *op= GSTR(gel(e,4));
    1780          196 :       long v = itos(gel(e,5));
    1781          196 :       return pari_sprintf("incorrect priority in %s: variable %Ps %s %Ps",f,
    1782              :              pol_x(vx), op, pol_x(v));
    1783              :     }
    1784          161 :   case e_OVERFLOW:
    1785          161 :     return pari_sprintf("overflow in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1786          231 :   case e_PREC:
    1787          231 :     return pari_sprintf("precision too low in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1788           98 :   case e_PRIME:
    1789          196 :     return pari_sprintf("not a prime number in %Ps: %s.",
    1790           98 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1791           70 :   case e_ROOTS0:
    1792           70 :     return pari_sprintf("zero polynomial in %Ps.", gel(e,2));
    1793           84 :   case e_SQRTN:
    1794          168 :     return pari_sprintf("not an n-th power residue in %Ps: %s.",
    1795           84 :                         gel(e,2), gdisplay(gel(e,3)));
    1796           18 :   case e_STACK:
    1797              :   case e_STACKTHREAD:
    1798              :   {
    1799           18 :     const char *what = numerr == e_STACK? "PARI": "thread";
    1800           18 :     const char *var = numerr == e_STACK? "parisizemax": "threadsizemax";
    1801           18 :     size_t s = numerr == e_STACK? pari_mainstack->vsize: GP_DATA->threadsizemax;
    1802           18 :     char *hint = (char *) pari_malloc(512*sizeof(char));
    1803           18 :     char *buf = (char *) pari_malloc(512*sizeof(char));
    1804           18 :     if (s)
    1805            0 :       sprintf(hint,"you can increase '%s' using default()", var);
    1806              :     else
    1807              :     {
    1808           18 :       s = (numerr != e_STACK || !GP_DATA->threadsize)? pari_mainstack->rsize
    1809           36 :                                                      : GP_DATA->threadsize;
    1810           18 :       sprintf(hint,"set '%s' to a nonzero value in your GPRC", var);
    1811              :     }
    1812           18 :     sprintf(buf, "the %s stack overflows !\n"
    1813              :                  "  current stack size: %lu (%.3f Mbytes)\n  [hint] %s\n",
    1814           18 :                  what, (ulong)s, (double)s/1048576., hint);
    1815           18 :     return buf;
    1816              :   }
    1817            0 :   case e_SYNTAX:
    1818            0 :     return pari_strdup(GSTR(gel(e,2)));
    1819         7411 :   case e_TYPE:
    1820        14822 :     return pari_sprintf("incorrect type in %Ps (%s).",
    1821         7411 :                         gel(e,2), type_name(typ(gel(e,3))));
    1822           14 :   case e_USER:
    1823           14 :     return pari_sprint0("user error: ", gel(e,2), f_RAW);
    1824          371 :   case e_VAR:
    1825              :     {
    1826          371 :       GEN x = gel(e,3), y = gel(e,4);
    1827         1113 :       return pari_sprintf("inconsistent variables in %Ps, %Ps != %Ps.",
    1828          371 :                           gel(e,2), pol_x(varn(x)), pol_x(varn(y)));
    1829              :     }
    1830              :   }
    1831              :   return NULL; /*LCOV_EXCL_LINE*/
    1832              : }
    1833              : 
    1834              : int
    1835        13111 : pari_err_display(GEN err)
    1836              : {
    1837        13111 :   long numerr=err_get_num(err);
    1838        13111 :   err_init();
    1839        13111 :   if (numerr==e_SYNTAX)
    1840              :   {
    1841          142 :     const char *msg = GSTR(gel(err,2));
    1842          142 :     const char *s     = (const char *) gmael(err,3,1);
    1843          142 :     const char *entry = (const char *) gmael(err,3,2);
    1844          142 :     print_errcontext(pariErr, msg, s, entry);
    1845              :   }
    1846              :   else
    1847              :   {
    1848              :     char *s;
    1849        12969 :     closure_err(0);
    1850        12969 :     err_init_msg(numerr==e_USER);
    1851        12969 :     s = pari_err2str(err); pariErr->puts(s); pari_free(s);
    1852        12969 :     if (numerr==e_NOTFUNC)
    1853              :     {
    1854         2709 :       GEN fun = gel(err,2);
    1855         2709 :       if (gequalX(fun))
    1856              :       {
    1857         2709 :         entree *ep = varentries[varn(fun)];
    1858         2709 :         const char *t = ep->name;
    1859         2709 :         if (cb_pari_whatnow) cb_pari_whatnow(pariErr,t,1);
    1860              :       }
    1861              :     }
    1862              :   }
    1863        13097 :   out_term_color(pariErr, c_NONE);
    1864        13097 :   pariErr->flush(); return 0;
    1865              : }
    1866              : 
    1867              : void
    1868        56862 : pari_err(int numerr, ...)
    1869              : {
    1870              :   va_list ap;
    1871              :   GEN E;
    1872              : 
    1873        56862 :   va_start(ap,numerr);
    1874              : 
    1875        56862 :   if (numerr)
    1876        56850 :     E = pari_err2GEN(numerr,ap);
    1877              :   else
    1878              :   {
    1879           12 :     E = va_arg(ap,GEN);
    1880           12 :     numerr = err_get_num(E);
    1881              :   }
    1882        56862 :   global_err_data = E;
    1883        56862 :   if (*iferr_env) longjmp(*iferr_env, numerr);
    1884        13122 :   mt_err_recover(numerr);
    1885        13111 :   va_end(ap);
    1886        26208 :   if (cb_pari_err_handle &&
    1887        13111 :       cb_pari_err_handle(E)) return;
    1888        26185 :   if (cb_pari_handle_exception &&
    1889        13095 :       cb_pari_handle_exception(numerr)) return;
    1890        13090 :   err_recover(numerr);
    1891              : }
    1892              : 
    1893              : GEN
    1894        87497 : pari_err_last(void) { return global_err_data; }
    1895              : 
    1896              : const char *
    1897        27109 : numerr_name(long numerr)
    1898              : {
    1899        27109 :   switch ((enum err_list) numerr)
    1900              :   {
    1901            0 :   case e_ALARM:    return "e_ALARM";
    1902            0 :   case e_ARCH:     return "e_ARCH";
    1903            0 :   case e_BUG:      return "e_BUG";
    1904            0 :   case e_COMPONENT: return "e_COMPONENT";
    1905            0 :   case e_CONSTPOL: return "e_CONSTPOL";
    1906            0 :   case e_COPRIME:  return "e_COPRIME";
    1907            0 :   case e_DIM:      return "e_DIM";
    1908           56 :   case e_DOMAIN:   return "e_DOMAIN";
    1909            0 :   case e_FILE:     return "e_FILE";
    1910            0 :   case e_FILEDESC: return "e_FILEDESC";
    1911            7 :   case e_FLAG:     return "e_FLAG";
    1912           49 :   case e_IMPL:     return "e_IMPL";
    1913        19101 :   case e_INV:      return "e_INV";
    1914            0 :   case e_IRREDPOL: return "e_IRREDPOL";
    1915            0 :   case e_MAXPRIME: return "e_MAXPRIME";
    1916            0 :   case e_MEM:      return "e_MEM";
    1917            0 :   case e_MISC:     return "e_MISC";
    1918            0 :   case e_MODULUS:  return "e_MODULUS";
    1919            0 :   case e_NONE:     return "e_NONE";
    1920            0 :   case e_NOTFUNC:  return "e_NOTFUNC";
    1921            0 :   case e_OP:       return "e_OP";
    1922            0 :   case e_OVERFLOW: return "e_OVERFLOW";
    1923            0 :   case e_PACKAGE:  return "e_PACKAGE";
    1924            0 :   case e_PREC:     return "e_PREC";
    1925            0 :   case e_PRIME:    return "e_PRIME";
    1926           49 :   case e_PRIORITY: return "e_PRIORITY";
    1927            0 :   case e_ROOTS0:   return "e_ROOTS0";
    1928            0 :   case e_SQRTN:    return "e_SQRTN";
    1929            0 :   case e_STACK:    return "e_STACK";
    1930            0 :   case e_SYNTAX:   return "e_SYNTAX";
    1931            0 :   case e_STACKTHREAD:   return "e_STACKTHREAD";
    1932            0 :   case e_STOP:     return "e_STOP";
    1933            0 :   case e_TYPE2:    return "e_TYPE2";
    1934         7847 :   case e_TYPE:     return "e_TYPE";
    1935            0 :   case e_USER:     return "e_USER";
    1936            0 :   case e_VAR:      return "e_VAR";
    1937              :   }
    1938            0 :   return "invalid error number";
    1939              : }
    1940              : 
    1941              : long
    1942            0 : name_numerr(const char *s)
    1943              : {
    1944            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_ALARM"))    return e_ALARM;
    1945            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_ARCH"))     return e_ARCH;
    1946            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_BUG"))      return e_BUG;
    1947            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_COMPONENT")) return e_COMPONENT;
    1948            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_CONSTPOL")) return e_CONSTPOL;
    1949            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_COPRIME"))  return e_COPRIME;
    1950            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_DIM"))      return e_DIM;
    1951            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_DOMAIN"))   return e_DOMAIN;
    1952            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_FILE"))     return e_FILE;
    1953            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_FILEDESC")) return e_FILEDESC;
    1954            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_FLAG"))     return e_FLAG;
    1955            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_IMPL"))     return e_IMPL;
    1956            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_INV"))      return e_INV;
    1957            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_IRREDPOL")) return e_IRREDPOL;
    1958            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MAXPRIME")) return e_MAXPRIME;
    1959            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MEM"))      return e_MEM;
    1960            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MISC"))     return e_MISC;
    1961            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_MODULUS"))  return e_MODULUS;
    1962            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_NONE"))     return e_NONE;
    1963            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_NOTFUNC"))  return e_NOTFUNC;
    1964            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_OP"))       return e_OP;
    1965            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_OVERFLOW")) return e_OVERFLOW;
    1966            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PACKAGE"))  return e_PACKAGE;
    1967            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PREC"))     return e_PREC;
    1968            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PRIME"))    return e_PRIME;
    1969            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_PRIORITY")) return e_PRIORITY;
    1970            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_ROOTS0"))   return e_ROOTS0;
    1971            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_SQRTN"))    return e_SQRTN;
    1972            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_STACK"))    return e_STACK;
    1973            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_SYNTAX"))   return e_SYNTAX;
    1974            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_TYPE"))     return e_TYPE;
    1975            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_TYPE2"))    return e_TYPE2;
    1976            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_USER"))     return e_USER;
    1977            0 :   if (!strcmp(s,"e_VAR"))      return e_VAR;
    1978            0 :   pari_err(e_MISC,"unknown error name");
    1979              :   return -1; /* LCOV_EXCL_LINE */
    1980              : }
    1981              : 
    1982              : GEN
    1983        27109 : errname(GEN err)
    1984              : {
    1985        27109 :   if (typ(err)!=t_ERROR) pari_err_TYPE("errname",err);
    1986        27109 :   return strtoGENstr(numerr_name(err_get_num(err)));
    1987              : }
    1988              : 
    1989              : /*******************************************************************/
    1990              : /*                                                                */
    1991              : /*                       CLONING & COPY                            */
    1992              : /*                  Replicate an existing GEN                      */
    1993              : /*                                                                 */
    1994              : /*******************************************************************/
    1995              : /* lontyp[tx] = 0 (non recursive type) or number of codewords for type tx */
    1996              : const  long lontyp[] = { 0,0,0,1,1,2,1,2,1,1, 2,2,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 2,0,0,2,2,1 };
    1997              : 
    1998              : static GEN
    1999         7040 : list_internal_copy(GEN z, long nmax)
    2000              : {
    2001              :   long i, l;
    2002              :   GEN a;
    2003         7040 :   if (!z) return NULL;
    2004         1357 :   l = lg(z);
    2005         1357 :   a = newblock(nmax+1);
    2006        50109 :   for (i = 1; i < l; i++) gel(a,i) = gel(z,i)? gclone(gel(z,i)): gen_0;
    2007         1357 :   a[0] = z[0]; setisclone(a); return a;
    2008              : }
    2009              : 
    2010              : static void
    2011         7040 : listassign(GEN x, GEN y)
    2012              : {
    2013         7040 :   long nmax = list_nmax(x);
    2014         7040 :   GEN L = list_data(x);
    2015         7040 :   if (!nmax && L) nmax = lg(L) + 32; /* not malloc'ed yet */
    2016         7040 :   y[1] = evaltyp(list_typ(x))|evallg(nmax);
    2017         7040 :   list_data(y) = list_internal_copy(L, nmax);
    2018         7040 : }
    2019              : 
    2020              : /* transform a non-malloced list (e.g. from gtolist or gtomap) to a malloced
    2021              :  * list suitable for listput */
    2022              : GEN
    2023            0 : listinit(GEN x)
    2024              : {
    2025            0 :   GEN y = cgetg(3, t_LIST);
    2026            0 :   listassign(x, y); return y;
    2027              : }
    2028              : 
    2029              : /* copy list on the PARI stack */
    2030              : GEN
    2031          723 : listcopy(GEN x)
    2032              : {
    2033          723 :   GEN y = mklist(), L = list_data(x);
    2034          723 :   if (L) list_data(y) = gcopy(L);
    2035          723 :   y[1] = evaltyp(list_typ(x));
    2036          723 :   return y;
    2037              : }
    2038              : 
    2039              : GEN
    2040   4911718696 : gcopy(GEN x)
    2041              : {
    2042   4911718696 :   long tx = typ(x), lx, i;
    2043              :   GEN y;
    2044   4911718696 :   switch(tx)
    2045              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2046   3992950732 :     case t_INT: return signe(x)? icopy(x): gen_0;
    2047    558439816 :     case t_REAL:
    2048              :     case t_STR:
    2049    558439816 :     case t_VECSMALL: return leafcopy(x);
    2050              :     /* one more special case */
    2051          723 :     case t_LIST: return listcopy(x);
    2052              :   }
    2053    360327425 :   y = cgetg_copy(x, &lx);
    2054    521720536 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2055   1499971693 :   for (; i < lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy(gel(x,i));
    2056    360327425 :   return y;
    2057              : }
    2058              : 
    2059              : /* as gcopy, but truncate to the first lx components if recursive type
    2060              :  * [ leaves use their own lg ]. No checks. */
    2061              : GEN
    2062          994 : gcopy_lg(GEN x, long lx)
    2063              : {
    2064          994 :   long tx = typ(x), i;
    2065              :   GEN y;
    2066          994 :   switch(tx)
    2067              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2068            0 :     case t_INT: return signe(x)? icopy(x): gen_0;
    2069            0 :     case t_REAL:
    2070              :     case t_STR:
    2071            0 :     case t_VECSMALL: return leafcopy(x);
    2072              :     /* one more special case */
    2073            0 :     case t_LIST: return listcopy(x);
    2074              :   }
    2075          994 :   y = cgetg(lx, tx);
    2076          994 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2077         2590 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy(gel(x,i));
    2078          994 :   return y;
    2079              : }
    2080              : 
    2081              : /* cf cgetg_copy: "allocate" (by updating first codeword only) for subsequent
    2082              :  * copy of x, as if avma = *AVMA */
    2083              : INLINE GEN
    2084   1083799582 : cgetg_copy_avma(GEN x, long *plx, pari_sp *AVMA) {
    2085              :   GEN z;
    2086   1083799582 :   *plx = lg(x);
    2087   1083799582 :   z = ((GEN)*AVMA) - *plx;
    2088   1083799582 :   z[0] = x[0] & (TYPBITS|LGBITS);
    2089   1083799582 :   *AVMA = (pari_sp)z; return z;
    2090              : }
    2091              : INLINE GEN
    2092          634 : cgetlist_avma(pari_sp *AVMA)
    2093              : {
    2094          634 :   GEN y = ((GEN)*AVMA) - 3;
    2095          634 :   y[0] = _evallg(3) | evaltyp(t_LIST);
    2096          634 :   *AVMA = (pari_sp)y; return y;
    2097              : }
    2098              : 
    2099              : /* copy x as if avma = *AVMA, update *AVMA */
    2100              : GEN
    2101   3383685312 : gcopy_avma(GEN x, pari_sp *AVMA)
    2102              : {
    2103   3383685312 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2104              :   GEN y;
    2105              : 
    2106   3383685312 :   switch(typ(x))
    2107              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2108   3128692966 :     case t_INT:
    2109   3128692966 :       if (lgefint(x) == 2) return gen_0;
    2110   2600331525 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)icopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2111   2600331525 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2112     83108529 :     case t_REAL: case t_STR: case t_VECSMALL:
    2113     83108529 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)leafcopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2114     83108529 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2115              : 
    2116              :     /* one more special case */
    2117          630 :     case t_LIST:
    2118          630 :       y = cgetlist_avma(AVMA);
    2119          630 :       listassign(x, y); return y;
    2120              : 
    2121              :   }
    2122    171883187 :   y = cgetg_copy_avma(x, &lx, AVMA);
    2123    197179112 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2124    807639920 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_avma(gel(x,i), AVMA);
    2125    171883187 :   return y;
    2126              : }
    2127              : 
    2128              : /* [copy_bin/bin_copy:] same as gcopy_avma but use NULL to code an exact 0, and
    2129              :  * make shallow copies of finalized t_LISTs */
    2130              : static GEN
    2131   4092396070 : gcopy_av0(GEN x, pari_sp *AVMA)
    2132              : {
    2133   4092396070 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2134              :   GEN y;
    2135              : 
    2136   4092396070 :   switch(tx)
    2137              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2138   2698051698 :     case t_INT:
    2139   2698051698 :       if (!signe(x)) return NULL; /* special marker */
    2140   1756290253 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)icopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2141   1756290253 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2142           49 :     case t_LIST:
    2143           49 :       if (list_data(x) && !list_nmax(x)) break; /* not finalized, need copy */
    2144              :       /* else finalized: shallow copy */
    2145              :     case t_REAL: case t_STR: case t_VECSMALL:
    2146    482428005 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)leafcopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2147    482428005 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2148              :   }
    2149    911916367 :   y = cgetg_copy_avma(x, &lx, AVMA);
    2150   1019143669 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2151   4523680268 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_av0(gel(x,i), AVMA);
    2152    911916367 :   return y;
    2153              : }
    2154              : 
    2155              : INLINE GEN
    2156           12 : icopy_avma_canon(GEN x, pari_sp AVMA)
    2157              : {
    2158           12 :   long i, lx = lgefint(x);
    2159           12 :   GEN y = ((GEN)AVMA) - lx;
    2160           12 :   y[0] = evaltyp(t_INT)|_evallg(lx); /* kills isclone */
    2161           12 :   y[1] = x[1]; x = int_MSW(x);
    2162           24 :   for (i=2; i<lx; i++, x = int_precW(x)) y[i] = *x;
    2163           12 :   return y;
    2164              : }
    2165              : 
    2166              : /* [copy_bin_canon:] same as gcopy_av0, but copy integers in
    2167              :  * canonical (native kernel) form and make a full copy of t_LISTs */
    2168              : static GEN
    2169           84 : gcopy_av0_canon(GEN x, pari_sp *AVMA)
    2170              : {
    2171           84 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2172              :   GEN y;
    2173              : 
    2174           84 :   switch(tx)
    2175              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2176           20 :     case t_INT:
    2177           20 :       if (!signe(x)) return NULL; /* special marker */
    2178           12 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)icopy_avma_canon(x, *AVMA);
    2179           12 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2180           32 :     case t_REAL: case t_STR: case t_VECSMALL:
    2181           32 :       *AVMA = (pari_sp)leafcopy_avma(x, *AVMA);
    2182           32 :       return (GEN)*AVMA;
    2183              : 
    2184              :     /* one more special case */
    2185            4 :     case t_LIST:
    2186              :     {
    2187            4 :       long t = list_typ(x);
    2188            4 :       GEN y = cgetlist_avma(AVMA), z = list_data(x);
    2189            4 :       if (z) {
    2190            0 :         list_data(y) = gcopy_av0_canon(z, AVMA);
    2191            0 :         y[1] = evaltyp(t)|_evallg(lg(z)-1);
    2192              :       } else {
    2193            4 :         list_data(y) = NULL;
    2194            4 :         y[1] = evaltyp(t);
    2195              :       }
    2196            4 :       return y;
    2197              :     }
    2198              :   }
    2199           28 :   y = cgetg_copy_avma(x, &lx, AVMA);
    2200           40 :   for(i = 1; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2201           88 :   for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_av0_canon(gel(x,i), AVMA);
    2202           28 :   return y;
    2203              : }
    2204              : 
    2205              : /* [copy_bin/bin_copy:] size (number of words) required for
    2206              :  * gcopy_av0_canon(x) */
    2207              : static long
    2208           84 : taille0_canon(GEN x)
    2209              : {
    2210           84 :   long i,n,lx, tx = typ(x);
    2211           84 :   switch(tx)
    2212              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2213           20 :     case t_INT: return signe(x)? lgefint(x): 0;
    2214           32 :     case t_REAL:
    2215              :     case t_STR:
    2216           32 :     case t_VECSMALL: return lg(x);
    2217              : 
    2218              :     /* one more special case */
    2219            4 :     case t_LIST:
    2220              :     {
    2221            4 :       GEN L = list_data(x);
    2222            4 :       return L? 3 + taille0_canon(L): 3;
    2223              :     }
    2224              :   }
    2225           28 :   n = lx = lg(x);
    2226           88 :   for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += taille0_canon(gel(x,i));
    2227           28 :   return n;
    2228              : }
    2229              : 
    2230              : /* [copy_bin/bin_copy:] size (number of words) required for gcopy_av0(x) */
    2231              : static long
    2232   4092396072 : taille0(GEN x)
    2233              : {
    2234   4092396072 :   long i,n,lx, tx = typ(x);
    2235   4092396072 :   switch(tx)
    2236              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2237   2698051698 :     case t_INT:
    2238   2698051698 :       lx = lgefint(x);
    2239   2698051698 :       return lx == 2? 0: lx;
    2240           49 :     case t_LIST:
    2241              :     {
    2242           49 :       GEN L = list_data(x);
    2243           49 :       if (L && !list_nmax(x)) break; /* not finalized, deep copy */
    2244              :     }
    2245              :     /* else finalized: shallow */
    2246              :     case t_REAL:
    2247              :     case t_STR:
    2248              :     case t_VECSMALL:
    2249    482428006 :       return lg(x);
    2250              :   }
    2251    911916368 :   n = lx = lg(x);
    2252   4523680270 :   for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += taille0(gel(x,i));
    2253    911916368 :   return n;
    2254              : }
    2255              : 
    2256              : static long
    2257   3475920877 : gsizeclone_i(GEN x)
    2258              : {
    2259   3475920877 :   long i,n,lx, tx = typ(x);
    2260   3475920877 :   switch(tx)
    2261              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2262   3128692966 :     case t_INT: lx = lgefint(x); return lx == 2? 0: lx;;
    2263     99328626 :     case t_REAL:
    2264              :     case t_STR:
    2265     99328626 :     case t_VECSMALL: return lg(x);
    2266              : 
    2267         7040 :     case t_LIST: return 3;
    2268    247892245 :     default:
    2269    247892245 :       n = lx = lg(x);
    2270   3631577557 :       for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += gsizeclone_i(gel(x,i));
    2271    247892245 :       return n;
    2272              :   }
    2273              : }
    2274              : 
    2275              : /* #words needed to clone x; t_LIST is a special case since list_data() is
    2276              :  * malloc'ed later, in list_internal_copy() */
    2277              : static long
    2278    236894169 : gsizeclone(GEN x) { return (typ(x) == t_INT)? lgefint(x): gsizeclone_i(x); }
    2279              : 
    2280              : long
    2281      2214450 : gsizeword(GEN x)
    2282              : {
    2283      2214450 :   long i, n, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2284      2214450 :   switch(tx)
    2285              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2286      1676416 :     case t_INT:
    2287              :     case t_REAL:
    2288              :     case t_STR:
    2289      1676416 :     case t_VECSMALL: return lg(x);
    2290              : 
    2291            7 :     case t_LIST:
    2292            7 :       x = list_data(x);
    2293            7 :       return x? 3 + gsizeword(x): 3;
    2294              : 
    2295       538027 :     default:
    2296       538027 :       n = lx = lg(x);
    2297      2752295 :       for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) n += gsizeword(gel(x,i));
    2298       538027 :       return n;
    2299              :   }
    2300              : }
    2301              : long
    2302          175 : gsizebyte(GEN x) { return gsizeword(x) * sizeof(long); }
    2303              : 
    2304              : /* return a clone of x structured as a gcopy */
    2305              : GENbin*
    2306    480632170 : copy_bin(GEN x)
    2307              : {
    2308    480632170 :   long t = taille0(x);
    2309    480632170 :   GENbin *p = (GENbin*)pari_malloc(sizeof(GENbin) + t*sizeof(long));
    2310    480632169 :   pari_sp AVMA = (pari_sp)(GENbinbase(p) + t);
    2311    480632169 :   p->rebase = &shiftaddress;
    2312    480632169 :   p->len = t;
    2313    480632169 :   p->x   = gcopy_av0(x, &AVMA);
    2314    480632169 :   p->base= (GEN)AVMA; return p;
    2315              : }
    2316              : 
    2317              : /* same, writing t_INT in canonical native form */
    2318              : GENbin*
    2319           24 : copy_bin_canon(GEN x)
    2320              : {
    2321           24 :   long t = taille0_canon(x);
    2322           24 :   GENbin *p = (GENbin*)pari_malloc(sizeof(GENbin) + t*sizeof(long));
    2323           24 :   pari_sp AVMA = (pari_sp)(GENbinbase(p) + t);
    2324           24 :   p->rebase = &shiftaddress_canon;
    2325           24 :   p->len = t;
    2326           24 :   p->x   = gcopy_av0_canon(x, &AVMA);
    2327           24 :   p->base= (GEN)AVMA; return p;
    2328              : }
    2329              : 
    2330              : GEN
    2331    236894169 : gclone(GEN x)
    2332              : {
    2333    236894169 :   long i,lx,tx = typ(x), t = gsizeclone(x);
    2334    236894169 :   GEN y = newblock_t(t,is_recursive_t(tx));
    2335    236894169 :   switch(tx)
    2336              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2337    144658604 :     case t_INT:
    2338    144658604 :       lx = lgefint(x);
    2339    144658604 :       y[0] = evaltyp(t_INT)|_evallg(lx);
    2340    876797369 :       for (i=1; i<lx; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2341    144658604 :       break;
    2342     16220097 :     case t_REAL:
    2343              :     case t_STR:
    2344              :     case t_VECSMALL:
    2345     16220097 :       lx = lg(x);
    2346    181660446 :       for (i=0; i<lx; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2347     16220097 :       break;
    2348              : 
    2349              :     /* one more special case */
    2350         6410 :     case t_LIST:
    2351         6410 :       y[0] = evaltyp(t_LIST)|_evallg(3);
    2352         6410 :       listassign(x, y);
    2353         6410 :       break;
    2354     76009058 :     default: {
    2355     76009058 :       pari_sp AVMA = (pari_sp)(y + t);
    2356     76009058 :       lx = lg(x);
    2357    154535920 :       for(i = 0; i < lontyp[tx]; i++) y[i] = x[i];
    2358   2823937637 :       for (; i<lx; i++) gel(y,i) = gcopy_avma(gel(x,i), &AVMA);
    2359              :     }
    2360              :   }
    2361    236894169 :   setisclone(y); return y;
    2362              : }
    2363              : 
    2364              : void
    2365   3150634625 : shiftaddress(GEN x, long dec)
    2366              : {
    2367   3150634625 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2368   3150634625 :   if (is_recursive_t(tx))
    2369              :   {
    2370    911916409 :     if (tx == t_LIST)
    2371              :     {
    2372           49 :       if (!list_data(x) || list_nmax(x)) return; /* empty or finalized */
    2373              :       /* not finalized, update pointers  */
    2374              :     }
    2375    911916367 :     lx = lg(x);
    2376   4523680268 :     for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) {
    2377   3611763901 :       if (!x[i]) gel(x,i) = gen_0;
    2378              :       else
    2379              :       {
    2380   2696996757 :         x[i] += dec;
    2381   2696996757 :         shiftaddress(gel(x,i), dec);
    2382              :       }
    2383              :     }
    2384              :   }
    2385              : }
    2386              : 
    2387              : void
    2388           76 : shiftaddress_canon(GEN x, long dec)
    2389              : {
    2390           76 :   long i, lx, tx = typ(x);
    2391           76 :   switch(tx)
    2392              :   { /* non recursive types */
    2393           12 :     case t_INT: {
    2394              :       GEN y;
    2395           12 :       lx = lgefint(x); if (lx <= 3) return;
    2396            0 :       y = x + 2;
    2397            0 :       x = int_MSW(x);  if (x == y) return;
    2398            0 :       while (x > y) { lswap(*x, *y); x = int_precW(x); y++; }
    2399            0 :       break;
    2400              :     }
    2401           32 :     case t_REAL:
    2402              :     case t_STR:
    2403              :     case t_VECSMALL:
    2404           32 :       break;
    2405              : 
    2406              :     /* one more special case */
    2407            4 :     case t_LIST: {
    2408            4 :       GEN Lx = list_data(x);
    2409            4 :       if (Lx) {
    2410            0 :         GEN L = (GEN)((long)Lx+dec);
    2411            0 :         shiftaddress_canon(L, dec);
    2412            0 :         list_data(x) = gcopy(L);
    2413              :       }
    2414            4 :       break;
    2415              :     }
    2416           28 :     default: /* Fall through */
    2417           28 :       lx = lg(x);
    2418           88 :       for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++) {
    2419           60 :         if (!x[i]) gel(x,i) = gen_0;
    2420              :         else
    2421              :         {
    2422           52 :           x[i] += dec;
    2423           52 :           shiftaddress_canon(gel(x,i), dec);
    2424              :         }
    2425              :       }
    2426              :   }
    2427              : }
    2428              : 
    2429              : /********************************************************************/
    2430              : /**                                                                **/
    2431              : /**                INSERT DYNAMIC OBJECT IN STRUCTURE              **/
    2432              : /**                                                                **/
    2433              : /********************************************************************/
    2434              : GEN
    2435           42 : obj_reinit(GEN S)
    2436              : {
    2437           42 :   GEN s, T = leafcopy(S);
    2438           42 :   long a = lg(T)-1;
    2439           42 :   s = gel(T,a);
    2440           42 :   gel(T,a) = zerovec(lg(s)-1);
    2441           42 :   return T;
    2442              : }
    2443              : 
    2444              : GEN
    2445      2533811 : obj_init(long d, long n)
    2446              : {
    2447      2533811 :   GEN S = cgetg(d+2, t_VEC);
    2448      2533811 :   gel(S, d+1) = zerovec(n);
    2449      2533811 :   return S;
    2450              : }
    2451              : 
    2452              : GEN
    2453      2662262 : obj_insert(GEN S, long K, GEN O)
    2454              : {
    2455      2662262 :   GEN o, v = veclast(S);
    2456      2662262 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC) pari_err_TYPE("obj_insert", S);
    2457      2662262 :   O = gclone(O);
    2458      2662262 :   if (!isonstack(v) && !is_universal_constant(v) && !is_in_block(v))
    2459              :   {
    2460            0 :     if (DEBUGLEVEL) pari_warn(warner,"trying to update parent object");
    2461            0 :     return O;
    2462              :   }
    2463      2662262 :   o = gel(v,K); gel(v,K) = O; /* before unclone(o) in case of SIGINT */
    2464      2662262 :   if (isclone(o)) gunclone(o);
    2465      2662262 :   return gel(v,K);
    2466              : }
    2467              : 
    2468              : /* as obj_insert. WITHOUT cloning (for libpari, when creating a *new* obj
    2469              :  * from an existing one) */
    2470              : GEN
    2471       173838 : obj_insert_shallow(GEN S, long K, GEN O)
    2472              : {
    2473       173838 :   GEN v = veclast(S);
    2474       173838 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC) pari_err_TYPE("obj_insert", S);
    2475       173838 :   gel(v,K) = O; return gel(v,K);
    2476              : }
    2477              : 
    2478              : /* Does S [last position] contain data at position K ? Return it, or NULL */
    2479              : GEN
    2480      6216277 : obj_check(GEN S, long K)
    2481              : {
    2482      6216277 :   GEN O, v = veclast(S);
    2483      6216277 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC || K >= lg(v)) pari_err_TYPE("obj_check", S);
    2484      6216277 :   O = gel(v,K); return isintzero(O)? NULL: O;
    2485              : }
    2486              : 
    2487              : GEN
    2488      1507913 : obj_checkbuild(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN))
    2489              : {
    2490      1507913 :   GEN O = obj_check(S, tag);
    2491      1507913 :   if (!O)
    2492      1352758 :   { pari_sp av = avma; O = obj_insert(S, tag, build(S)); set_avma(av); }
    2493      1507906 :   return O;
    2494              : }
    2495              : 
    2496              : GEN
    2497       749665 : obj_checkbuild_prec(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN,long),
    2498              :   long (*pr)(GEN), long prec)
    2499              : {
    2500       749665 :   pari_sp av = avma;
    2501       749665 :   GEN w = obj_check(S, tag);
    2502       749665 :   if (!w || pr(w) < prec) w = obj_insert(S, tag, build(S, prec));
    2503       749665 :   set_avma(av); return gcopy(w);
    2504              : }
    2505              : GEN
    2506       580288 : obj_checkbuild_realprec(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN,long), long prec)
    2507       580288 : { return obj_checkbuild_prec(S,tag,build,gprecision,prec); }
    2508              : GEN
    2509          539 : obj_checkbuild_padicprec(GEN S, long tag, GEN (*build)(GEN,long), long prec)
    2510          539 : { return obj_checkbuild_prec(S,tag,build,padicprec_relative,prec); }
    2511              : 
    2512              : /* Reset S [last position], freeing all clones */
    2513              : void
    2514       187789 : obj_free(GEN S)
    2515              : {
    2516       187789 :   GEN v = veclast(S);
    2517              :   long i;
    2518       187789 :   if (typ(v) != t_VEC) pari_err_TYPE("obj_free", S);
    2519      1214514 :   for (i = 1; i < lg(v); i++)
    2520              :   {
    2521      1026725 :     GEN o = gel(v,i);
    2522      1026725 :     gel(v,i) = gen_0;
    2523      1026725 :     gunclone_deep(o);
    2524              :   }
    2525       187789 : }
    2526              : 
    2527              : /*******************************************************************/
    2528              : /*                                                                 */
    2529              : /*                         STACK MANAGEMENT                        */
    2530              : /*                                                                 */
    2531              : /*******************************************************************/
    2532              : INLINE void
    2533   6111784800 : gc_dec(pari_sp *x, pari_sp av0, pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, size_t dec)
    2534              : {
    2535   6111784800 :   if (*x < av && *x >= av0)
    2536              :   { /* update address if in stack */
    2537   5185759757 :     if (*x < tetpil) *x += dec;
    2538            0 :     else pari_err_BUG("gc, significant pointers lost");
    2539              :   }
    2540   6111784800 : }
    2541              : 
    2542              : GEN
    2543     27494483 : gc_all_unsafe(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, int n, ...)
    2544              : {
    2545     27494483 :   pari_sp av0 = avma;
    2546     27494483 :   size_t dec = gc_stack_update(av, tetpil);
    2547              :   GEN *pz;
    2548              :   int i;
    2549              :   va_list a;
    2550     27494483 :   if (n <= 0) return NULL;
    2551     27494483 :   va_start(a, n);
    2552     27494483 :   pz = va_arg(a,GEN*);
    2553     27494483 :   gc_dec((pari_sp*)pz, av0,av,tetpil,dec);
    2554     65673097 :   for (i=1; i<n; i++) gc_dec((pari_sp*)va_arg(a,GEN*), av0,av,tetpil,dec);
    2555     27494483 :   va_end(a); return *pz;
    2556              : }
    2557              : 
    2558              : /* Takes a slice g[0..n-1] of GENs. Cleans up the stack between av and
    2559              :  * tetpil, updating those GENs. */
    2560              : void
    2561    336651143 : gc_slice_unsafe(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, GEN g, int n)
    2562              : {
    2563    336651143 :   pari_sp av0 = avma;
    2564    336651143 :   size_t dec = gc_stack_update(av, tetpil);
    2565              :   int i;
    2566   1009953429 :   for (i=0; i<n; i++,g++) gc_dec((pari_sp*)g, av0, av, tetpil, dec);
    2567    336651143 : }
    2568              : 
    2569              : static int
    2570            0 : dochk_gc_upto(GEN av, GEN x)
    2571              : {
    2572              :   long i,lx,tx;
    2573            0 :   if (!isonstack(x)) return 1;
    2574            0 :   if (x > av)
    2575              :   {
    2576            0 :     pari_warn(warner,"bad object %Ps",x);
    2577            0 :     return 0;
    2578              :   }
    2579            0 :   tx = typ(x);
    2580            0 :   if (! is_recursive_t(tx)) return 1;
    2581              : 
    2582            0 :   lx = lg(x);
    2583            0 :   for (i=lontyp[tx]; i<lx; i++)
    2584            0 :     if (!dochk_gc_upto(av, gel(x,i)))
    2585              :     {
    2586            0 :       pari_warn(warner,"bad component %ld in object %Ps",i,x);
    2587            0 :       return 0;
    2588              :     }
    2589            0 :   return 1;
    2590              : }
    2591              : /* check that x and all its components are out of stack, or have been
    2592              :  * created after av */
    2593              : int
    2594            0 : chk_gc_upto(GEN x) { return dochk_gc_upto(x, x); }
    2595              : 
    2596              : /* print stack between avma & av */
    2597              : void
    2598            0 : dbg_stack(pari_sp av)
    2599              : {
    2600            0 :   GEN x = (GEN)avma;
    2601            0 :   while (x < (GEN)av)
    2602              :   {
    2603            0 :     const long tx = typ(x), lx = lg(x);
    2604              :     GEN *a;
    2605              : 
    2606            0 :     pari_printf(" [%ld] %Ps:", x - (GEN)avma, x);
    2607            0 :     if (! is_recursive_t(tx)) { pari_putc('\n'); x += lx; continue; }
    2608            0 :     a = (GEN*)x + lontyp[tx]; x += lx;
    2609            0 :     for (  ; a < (GEN*)x; a++)
    2610              :     {
    2611            0 :       if (*a == gen_0)
    2612            0 :         pari_puts("  gen_0");
    2613            0 :       else if (*a == gen_1)
    2614            0 :         pari_puts("  gen_1");
    2615            0 :       else if (*a == gen_m1)
    2616            0 :         pari_puts("  gen_m1");
    2617            0 :       else if (*a == gen_2)
    2618            0 :         pari_puts("  gen_2");
    2619            0 :       else if (*a == gen_m2)
    2620            0 :         pari_puts("  gen_m2");
    2621            0 :       else if (*a == ghalf)
    2622            0 :         pari_puts("  ghalf");
    2623            0 :       else if (isclone(*a))
    2624            0 :         pari_printf("  %Ps (clone)", *a);
    2625              :       else
    2626            0 :         pari_printf("  %Ps [%ld]", *a, *a - (GEN)avma);
    2627            0 :       if (a+1 < (GEN*)x) pari_putc(',');
    2628              :     }
    2629            0 :     pari_printf("\n");
    2630              :   }
    2631            0 : }
    2632              : void
    2633            0 : dbg_gc_upto(GEN q)
    2634              : {
    2635            0 :   err_printf("%Ps:\n", q);
    2636            0 :   dbg_stack((pari_sp) (q+lg(q)));
    2637            0 : }
    2638              : 
    2639              : /* OBSOLETE: kept for backward compatibility */
    2640              : GEN
    2641            0 : gerepile(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil, GEN q)
    2642              : {
    2643            0 :   pari_sp av0 = avma, Q = (pari_sp)q;
    2644            0 :   size_t dec = gc_stack_update(av, tetpil);
    2645            0 :   if (Q >= av0 && Q < tetpil) Q += dec;
    2646            0 :   return (GEN)Q;
    2647              : }
    2648              : 
    2649              : size_t
    2650   1261747764 : gc_stack_update(pari_sp av, pari_sp tetpil)
    2651              : {
    2652   1261747764 :   const pari_sp av0 = avma;
    2653   1261747764 :   size_t dec = av - tetpil;
    2654              :   GEN x, a;
    2655              : 
    2656   1261747764 :   if (dec == 0) return 0;
    2657   1039271606 :   if ((long)dec < 0) pari_err(e_MISC,"lbot>ltop in gc");
    2658  32042802133 :   for (x = (GEN)av, a = (GEN)tetpil; a > (GEN)av0; ) *--x = *--a;
    2659   1039271606 :   set_avma((pari_sp)x);
    2660   6985696461 :   while (x < (GEN)av)
    2661              :   {
    2662   5946424855 :     const long tx = typ(x), lx = lg(x);
    2663   5946424855 :     if (! is_recursive_t(tx)) { x += lx; continue; }
    2664   1291710032 :     a = x + lontyp[tx]; x += lx;
    2665   6664519449 :     for (  ; a < x; a++) gc_dec((pari_sp*)a, av0, av, tetpil, dec);
    2666              :   }
    2667   1039271606 :   return dec;
    2668              : }
    2669              : 
    2670              : void
    2671            0 : dbg_fill_stack(void)
    2672              : {
    2673              : #ifdef LONG_IS_64BIT
    2674            0 :   const long JUNK = 0xBADC0FFEE0DDF00D;
    2675              : #else
    2676            0 :   const long JUNK = 0xDEADBEEF;
    2677              : #endif
    2678            0 :   GEN x = ((GEN)pari_mainstack->bot);
    2679            0 :   while (x < (GEN)avma) *x++ = JUNK;
    2680            0 : }
    2681              : 
    2682              : void
    2683            0 : debug_stack(void)
    2684              : {
    2685            0 :   pari_sp top = pari_mainstack->top, bot = pari_mainstack->bot;
    2686              :   GEN z;
    2687            0 :   err_printf("bot=0x%lx\ttop=0x%lx\tavma=0x%lx\n", bot, top, avma);
    2688            0 :   for (z = ((GEN)top)-1; z >= (GEN)avma; z--)
    2689            0 :     err_printf("%p:\t0x%lx\t%lu\n",z,*z,*z);
    2690            0 : }
    2691              : 
    2692              : void
    2693       376653 : setdebugvar(long n) { DEBUGVAR=n; }
    2694              : 
    2695              : long
    2696       376653 : getdebugvar(void) { return DEBUGVAR; }
    2697              : 
    2698              : long
    2699            7 : getstack(void) { return pari_mainstack->top-avma; }
    2700              : 
    2701              : /*******************************************************************/
    2702              : /*                                                                 */
    2703              : /*                               timer_delay                             */
    2704              : /*                                                                 */
    2705              : /*******************************************************************/
    2706              : 
    2707              : #if defined(USE_CLOCK_GETTIME)
    2708              : #if defined(_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME)
    2709              : static THREAD clockid_t time_type = CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID;
    2710              : #else
    2711              : static const THREAD clockid_t time_type = CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID;
    2712              : #endif
    2713              : static void
    2714              : pari_init_timer(void)
    2715              : {
    2716              : #if defined(_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME)
    2717              :   time_type = CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID;
    2718              : #endif
    2719              : }
    2720              : 
    2721              : void
    2722              : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2723              : {
    2724              :   struct timespec t;
    2725              :   clock_gettime(time_type,&t);
    2726              :   T->us = t.tv_nsec / 1000;
    2727              :   T->s  = t.tv_sec;
    2728              : }
    2729              : #elif defined(USE_GETRUSAGE)
    2730              : #ifdef RUSAGE_THREAD
    2731              : static THREAD int rusage_type = RUSAGE_THREAD;
    2732              : #else
    2733              : static const THREAD int rusage_type = RUSAGE_SELF;
    2734              : #endif /*RUSAGE_THREAD*/
    2735              : static void
    2736         1895 : pari_init_timer(void)
    2737              : {
    2738              : #ifdef RUSAGE_THREAD
    2739         1895 :   rusage_type = RUSAGE_SELF;
    2740              : #endif
    2741         1895 : }
    2742              : 
    2743              : void
    2744       360268 : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2745              : {
    2746              :   struct rusage r;
    2747       360268 :   getrusage(rusage_type,&r);
    2748       360268 :   T->us = r.ru_utime.tv_usec;
    2749       360268 :   T->s  = r.ru_utime.tv_sec;
    2750       360268 : }
    2751              : #elif defined(USE_FTIME)
    2752              : 
    2753              : static void
    2754              : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2755              : 
    2756              : void
    2757              : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2758              : {
    2759              :   struct timeb t;
    2760              :   ftime(&t);
    2761              :   T->us = ((long)t.millitm) * 1000;
    2762              :   T->s  = t.time;
    2763              : }
    2764              : 
    2765              : #else
    2766              : 
    2767              : static void
    2768              : _get_time(pari_timer *T, long Ticks, long TickPerSecond)
    2769              : {
    2770              :   T->us = (long) ((Ticks % TickPerSecond) * (1000000. / TickPerSecond));
    2771              :   T->s  = Ticks / TickPerSecond;
    2772              : }
    2773              : 
    2774              : # ifdef USE_TIMES
    2775              : static void
    2776              : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2777              : 
    2778              : void
    2779              : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2780              : {
    2781              : # ifdef _SC_CLK_TCK
    2782              :   long tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
    2783              : # else
    2784              :   long tck = CLK_TCK;
    2785              : # endif
    2786              :   struct tms t; times(&t);
    2787              :   _get_time(T, t.tms_utime, tck);
    2788              : }
    2789              : # elif defined(_WIN32)
    2790              : static void
    2791              : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2792              : 
    2793              : void
    2794              : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2795              : { _get_time(T, win32_timer(), 1000); }
    2796              : # else
    2797              : #  include <time.h>
    2798              : #  ifndef CLOCKS_PER_SEC
    2799              : #   define CLOCKS_PER_SEC 1000000 /* may be false on YOUR system */
    2800              : #  endif
    2801              : static void
    2802              : pari_init_timer(void) { }
    2803              : 
    2804              : void
    2805              : timer_start(pari_timer *T)
    2806              : { _get_time(T, clock(), CLOCKS_PER_SEC); }
    2807              : # endif
    2808              : #endif
    2809              : 
    2810              : /* round microseconds to milliseconds */
    2811              : static long
    2812       222831 : rndus(long x) { return (x + 500) / 1000; }
    2813              : static long
    2814       222831 : timer_aux(pari_timer *T, pari_timer *U, void (*settime)(pari_timer *))
    2815              : {
    2816       222831 :   long s = T->s, us = T->us;
    2817       222831 :   settime(U); return 1000 * (U->s - s) + rndus(U->us - us);
    2818              : }
    2819              : 
    2820              : /* return delay, set timer checkpoint */
    2821              : long
    2822       112327 : timer_delay(pari_timer *T) { return timer_aux(T, T, &timer_start); }
    2823              : /* return delay, don't set checkpoint */
    2824              : long
    2825         1901 : timer_get(pari_timer *T) {pari_timer t; return timer_aux(T, &t, &timer_start);}
    2826              : 
    2827              : static void
    2828            0 : timer_vprintf(pari_timer *T, const char *format, va_list args)
    2829              : {
    2830            0 :   out_puts(pariErr, "Time ");
    2831            0 :   out_vprintf(pariErr, format,args);
    2832            0 :   out_printf(pariErr, ": %ld\n", timer_delay(T));
    2833            0 :   pariErr->flush();
    2834            0 : }
    2835              : void
    2836            0 : timer_printf(pari_timer *T, const char *format, ...)
    2837              : {
    2838            0 :   va_list args; va_start(args, format);
    2839            0 :   timer_vprintf(T, format, args);
    2840            0 :   va_end(args);
    2841            0 : }
    2842              : 
    2843              : long
    2844            0 : timer(void)  { static THREAD pari_timer T; return timer_delay(&T);}
    2845              : long
    2846         3724 : gettime(void)  { static THREAD pari_timer T; return timer_delay(&T);}
    2847              : 
    2848              : static THREAD pari_timer timer2_T, abstimer_T;
    2849              : long
    2850            0 : timer2(void) {  return timer_delay(&timer2_T);}
    2851              : void
    2852            0 : msgtimer(const char *format, ...)
    2853              : {
    2854            0 :   va_list args; va_start(args, format);
    2855            0 :   timer_vprintf(&timer2_T, format, args);
    2856            0 :   va_end(args);
    2857            0 : }
    2858              : long
    2859         1895 : getabstime(void)  { return timer_get(&abstimer_T);}
    2860              : 
    2861              : void
    2862       254713 : walltimer_start(pari_timer *ti)
    2863              : {
    2864              : #if defined(USE_CLOCK_GETTIME)
    2865              :   struct timespec t;
    2866              :   if (!clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&t))
    2867              :   { ti->s = t.tv_sec; ti->us = rndus(t.tv_nsec); return; }
    2868              : #elif defined(USE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
    2869              :   struct timeval tv;
    2870       254713 :   if (!gettimeofday(&tv, NULL))
    2871       254713 :   {  ti->s = tv.tv_sec; ti->us = tv.tv_usec; return; }
    2872              : #elif defined(USE_FTIMEFORWALLTIME)
    2873              :   struct timeb tp;
    2874              :   if (!ftime(&tp))
    2875              :   { ti->s = tp.time; ti->us = tp.millitm*1000; return; }
    2876              : #endif
    2877            0 :   timer_start(ti);
    2878              : }
    2879              : /* return delay, set timer checkpoint */
    2880              : long
    2881       108603 : walltimer_delay(pari_timer *T) { return timer_aux(T, T, &walltimer_start); }
    2882              : /* return delay, don't set checkpoint */
    2883              : long
    2884            0 : walltimer_get(pari_timer *T)
    2885              : {
    2886              :   pari_timer t;
    2887            0 :   return timer_aux(T, &t, &walltimer_start);
    2888              : }
    2889              : 
    2890              : static GEN
    2891            0 : timetoi(ulong s, ulong m)
    2892              : {
    2893            0 :   pari_sp av = avma;
    2894            0 :   return gc_INT(av, addiu(muluu(s, 1000), m));
    2895              : }
    2896              : GEN
    2897            0 : getwalltime(void)
    2898              : {
    2899              :   pari_timer ti;
    2900            0 :   walltimer_start(&ti);
    2901            0 :   return timetoi(ti.s, rndus(ti.us));
    2902              : }
    2903              : 
    2904              : /*******************************************************************/
    2905              : /*                                                                 */
    2906              : /*                   FUNCTIONS KNOWN TO THE ANALYZER               */
    2907              : /*                                                                 */
    2908              : /*******************************************************************/
    2909              : 
    2910              : GEN
    2911          127 : setdebug(const char *s, long n)
    2912              : {
    2913          127 :   long i, l = numberof(pari_DEBUGLEVEL_str);
    2914              :   GEN V, V1, V2;
    2915          127 :   if (s)
    2916              :   {
    2917          120 :     if (n > 20)
    2918            0 :       pari_err_DOMAIN("setdebug", "n", ">", utoipos(20), stoi(n));
    2919         2276 :     for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
    2920         2248 :       if (!strcmp(s, pari_DEBUGLEVEL_str[i])) break;
    2921          120 :     if (i == l)
    2922           28 :       pari_err_DOMAIN("setdebug", s, "not a valid",
    2923              :                       strtoGENstr("debug domain"), strtoGENstr(s));
    2924           92 :     if (n >= 0) { *pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i] = n; return gnil; }
    2925           42 :     return stoi(*pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i]);
    2926              :   }
    2927            7 :   V = cgetg(3,t_MAT);
    2928            7 :   V1 = gel(V,1) = cgetg(l+1, t_COL);
    2929            7 :   V2 = gel(V,2) = cgetg(l+1, t_COL);
    2930          427 :   for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
    2931              :   {
    2932          420 :     gel(V1, i+1) = strtoGENstr(pari_DEBUGLEVEL_str[i]);
    2933          420 :     gel(V2, i+1) = stoi(*pari_DEBUGLEVEL_ptr[i]);
    2934              :   }
    2935            7 :   return V;
    2936              : }
    2937              : 
    2938              : GEN
    2939            7 : pari_version(void)
    2940              : {
    2941            7 :   const ulong mask = (1UL<<PARI_VERSION_SHIFT) - 1;
    2942            7 :   ulong major, minor, patch, n = paricfg_version_code;
    2943            7 :   patch = n & mask; n >>= PARI_VERSION_SHIFT;
    2944            7 :   minor = n & mask; n >>= PARI_VERSION_SHIFT;
    2945            7 :   major = n;
    2946            7 :   if (*paricfg_vcsversion) {
    2947            7 :     const char *ver = paricfg_vcsversion;
    2948            7 :     const char *s = strchr(ver, '-');
    2949              :     char t[8];
    2950            7 :     const long len = s-ver;
    2951              :     GEN v;
    2952            7 :     if (!s || len > 6) pari_err_BUG("pari_version()"); /* paranoia */
    2953            7 :     memcpy(t, ver, len); t[len] = 0;
    2954            7 :     v = cgetg(6, t_VEC);
    2955            7 :     gel(v,1) = utoi(major);
    2956            7 :     gel(v,2) = utoi(minor);
    2957            7 :     gel(v,3) = utoi(patch);
    2958            7 :     gel(v,4) = stoi( atoi(t) );
    2959            7 :     gel(v,5) = strtoGENstr(s+1);
    2960            7 :     return v;
    2961              :   } else {
    2962            0 :     GEN v = cgetg(4, t_VEC);
    2963            0 :     gel(v,1) = utoi(major);
    2964            0 :     gel(v,2) = utoi(minor);
    2965            0 :     gel(v,3) = utoi(patch);
    2966            0 :     return v;
    2967              :   }
    2968              : }
    2969              : 
    2970              : /* List of GP functions: generated from the description system.
    2971              :  * Format (struct entree) :
    2972              :  *   char *name   : name (under GP).
    2973              :  *   ulong valence: (EpNEW, EpALIAS,EpVAR, EpINSTALL)|EpSTATIC
    2974              :  *   void *value  : For PREDEFINED FUNCTIONS: C function to call.
    2975              :  *                  For USER FUNCTIONS: pointer to defining data (block) =
    2976              :  *                   entree*: NULL, list of entree (arguments), NULL
    2977              :  *                   char*  : function text
    2978              :  *   long menu    : which help section do we belong to
    2979              :  *                   1: Standard monadic or dyadic OPERATORS
    2980              :  *                   2: CONVERSIONS and similar elementary functions
    2981              :  *                   3: functions related to COMBINATORICS
    2982              :  *                   4: TRANSCENDENTAL functions, etc.
    2983              :  *   char *code   : GP prototype, aka Parser Code (see libpari's manual)
    2984              :  *                  if NULL, use valence instead.
    2985              :  *   char *help   : short help text (init to NULL).
    2986              :  *   void *pvalue : push_val history.
    2987              :  *   long arity   : maximum number of arguments.
    2988              :  *   entree *next : next entree (init to NULL, used in hashing code). */
    2989              : #include "init.h"
    2990              : #include "default.h"
        

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