Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

• with GMP kernel
• with GMP kernel using --mt=pthread
• with native kernel, including micro-assembler code
• with native kernel, without micro-assembler
• with native kernel, without micro-assembler, disabling GCC extensions (DISABLE_INLINE)
• with GMP kernel, emulating an x86_32 architecture at Configure time via setarch

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report

Current view: top level - basemath - arith1.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage Test: PARI/GP v2.18.1 lcov report (development 30849-48ff4d246c) Lines: 2080 2301 90.4 % Date: 2026-05-01 09:26:53 Functions: 218 233 93.6 % Legend: Lines: hit not hit

Function Name	Hit count
Fl_log_Fp	0
Fl_sqrtl	0
ZMV_producttree	0
Z_ZV_mod	0
Z_nv_mod	0
gcf2	0
nmV_chinese_center_tree	0
nxCV_chinese_center	0
nxCV_chinese_center_tree	0
pnqn	0
rootsof1_Fp	0
sersfcont	0
sqrt_Cipolla	0
sqrt_Cipolla_msqr	0
sqrt_Cipolla_sqr	0
bestappr_frac	7
fibo	7
sfcont2	14
intmod2polmod	21
padic2mod	21
gc_empty	42
mod_to_frac	42
contfrac0	49
serPade	49
err_oo	56
lucas	56
Fp_log_index	63
Fp_log_sieve	63
check_kernel	63
compute_nbgen	63
opt_param	63
znorder	63
Fp_factored_order	70
Zp_order	70
bestappr_ser	98
get_PHI	98
nxMV_chinese_center	104
nxMV_polint_center_tree	104
Fp_pow_init	105
mpprimorial	105
_gc_upto	112
mod_to_rfrac	112
bestapprPade	119
bestappr_RgX	119
Fp_log_find_ind	126
Fp_log_find_rel	126
bestapprPade0	126
gcf	126
znlog_rec	126
_Fp_rand	160
err_p	161
factorial_Fp	186
err_prec	196
lift_padic	210
znlog	238
gener_Zp	259
contfracpnqn	266
znprimroot	329
Fp_gausssum	351
lift_intmod	420
ZXM_nv_mod_tree	491
nxMV_chinese_center_tree_seq	491
nxMV_polint_center_tree_seq	491
FpV_prod	504
muls_interval	595
Fp_rootsof1	820
ECP_psi	837
_computeG	837
nxMV_polint_center_tree_worker	1224
nonsquare_Fp	1458
_psi	1714
odd_prime_divisors	1812
remove2	1812
Z_chinese	2142
addifsmooth1	2163
chinese1	2415
rootsof1u_Fp	3033
Fp_2gener	3222
is_gener_expo	4909
ZV_chinese	5141
ZVV_nv_mod_tree	5457
ncV_chinese_center_tree	5457
chinese	5495
ZXC_nv_mod_tree	5634
Fp_2gener_all	5909
Fp_powers	5931
nxCV_polint_center_tree	6584
get_Fp_field	6963
mphilbertoo	7329
nonsquare_Fl	7935
ncV_chinese_center	10333
is_gener_Fp	13986
Fp_invmBarrett	14032
Fp_sqrts	18956
_Fp_s	19075
Fp_2gener_i	19392
Fl_log_naive_pre	29000
Fl_log_pre	29398
Fp_log_sieve_worker	30250
_Fp_inv	34307
kroui	35710
krois	40089
Fp_pow_table	43694
pgener_Fp	44282
_Fp_one	47162
Fp_log_halfgcd	56628
factorial_Fl	57072
tr	59731
hilbert	62314
Fl_2gener_pre_i	65848
istotient	70000
Fp_sqrt_ii	75196
addifsmooth2	83825
mulu_interval_step	92750
bestappr	106407
nmV_chinese_center_tree_seq	120578
nmV_polint_center_tree_seq	120578
Fl_log	132362
Fl_log_naive	132362
Fp_order	136427
hilbertii	140826
ZV_chinese_center	144733
Fl_lgener_pre_all	147080
krosi	159682
mulu_interval	167729
rt	169813
pgener_Zp	171087
Fp_sqrtn	173541
Fl_2gener_pre	188767
krouodd	195392
pgener_Zl	205843
rootsof1_Fl	215524
ZM_nv_mod_tree	215663
ZM_nv_mod_tree_t	221120
Fl_sqrtl_pre	230007
Fl_sqrtl_raw	232967
Fl_sqrtn	233412
Fl_sqrtn_pre	233412
ZXX_nv_mod_tree	254572
_Fp_equal0	260724
Z_chinese_all	268101
Z_chinese_pre	271821
Fl_powers	296050
nxV_chinese_center_tree	303935
Z_factor_listP	350651
nmV_chinese_center	378481
nmV_polint_center_tree	378481
polint_chinese	378585
pgener_Fp_local	412304
nxV_chinese_center	429395
u_odd_prime_divisors	463991
u_remove2	463991
mpfact	500316
u_is_gener_expo	545034
Z_chinese_coprime	546250
Fl_order	546626
pgener_Fl	575252
_Fp_rmul	575346
istotient_i	621565
init_montdata	694509
_mul_remiibar	717266
nxV_polint_center_tree	875764
_Fp_red	889913
ZV_allpnqn	894831
Fp_select_red	903607
gc_chinese	968187
nmV_polint_center_tree_worker	974546
pgener_Fl_local	1081312
_Fp_neg	1086846
_Fp_add	1175565
ZV_nv_mod_tree	1236332
bestappr_real	1266898
Fp_pows	1346266
_mul_remii	1488922
ncV_polint_center_tree	1514872
u_chinese_coprime	1640313
u_chinese_post	1640332
is_gener_Fl	1662572
_mul2_remiibar	1797049
to_ZX	1889754
Fp_powu	1900741
chinese1_coprime_Z_aux	2253538
bestappr_Q	2289643
chinese1_coprime_Z	2460734
gen_chinese	2463149
ZV_chinesetree	2570599
ZV_sqr	2570609
ZV_invdivexact	2570613
ZV_producttree	2574464
checkp	2689398
ZX_nv_mod_tree	3053091
Z_chinese_post	3071875
icopy_lg	3137064
Qsfcont	3137414
gboundcf	3142391
_mul2_remii	3537276
Fp_log	4259595
Fp_sqrt	4844512
Fp_sqrt_i	4898184
Fl_2powu	4989548
Fp_log_use_index	5039824
gome	5922251
Fp_invgen	6098060
_mul_montred	6703120
_sqr_remiibar	7577707
_Fp_sqr	8134253
Fp_rem_mBarrett	8294973
Fp_easylog	8819489
_mul2_montred	9365472
kronecker	12777649
Fl_2powu_pre	12895498
Fl_powers_pre	13031657
nonsquare1_Fl	13101658
ZT_sqr	13364197
_Fp_mul	14231914
Fl_sqrt	14770354
Fl_sqrt_i	14892322
Fl_sqrt_pre	23330893
_sqr_remii	23511939
_Fp_pow	28603418
kroiu	37723235
Fp_pow	37752916
Fl_sqrt_pre_i	38294919
ZV_chinese_tree	40794697
lcmii	55178613
Z_ZV_mod_tree	57818296
_sqr_montred	63117050
kross	100423606
krouu	103353974
Fl_powu	144616441
Fl_powu_pre	165435553
krouu_s	246292394
ome	347837004

Generated by: LCOV version 1.16