Code coverage tests

This page documents the degree to which the PARI/GP source code is tested by our public test suite, distributed with the source distribution in directory src/test/. This is measured by the gcov utility; we then process gcov output using the lcov frond-end.

We test a few variants depending on Configure flags on the pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr machine (x86_64 architecture), and agregate them in the final report:

The target is to exceed 90% coverage for all mathematical modules (given that branches depending on DEBUGLEVEL or DEBUGMEM are not covered). This script is run to produce the results below.

LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - headers - pariinl.h (source / functions) Coverage Total Hit
Test: PARI/GP v2.19.0 lcov report (development 31057-89c4d54ba6) Lines: 92.6 % 1535 1422
Test Date: 2026-07-25 17:02:42 Functions: 92.1 % 707 651
Legend: Lines:     hit not hit

Function Name Sort by function name Hit count Sort by function hit count
F2m_clear 0
F2m_coeff 8461155
F2m_copy 201397
F2m_flip 1560033
F2m_set 798
F2v_clear 12463039
F2v_coeff 665803864
F2v_copy 4893
F2v_ei 42
F2v_flip 1560033
F2v_set 104217862
F2v_to_F2x 38752
F2xX_shift 0
F2x_clear 12463039
F2x_coeff 672338338
F2x_copy 65949916
F2x_div 1568340
F2x_equal 4208125
F2x_equal1 2871843
F2x_flip 1560033
F2x_renormalize 129768533
F2x_set 130020377
F2xqX_div 33187
F3m_coeff 144859
F3m_copy 0
F3m_set 0
Flm_copy 6442121
Flm_row 8755554
Flv_copy 2251074
Flx_constant 1092086
Flx_copy 196487559
Flx_div 2003316
Flx_div_pre 21819425
Flx_equal1 8248271
Flx_lead 1066917
Flx_mulu 1155304
FlxqX_div 0
FlxqX_div_pre 165917
Flxq_add 0
Flxq_sub 0
FpV_FpC_mul 0
FpXQX_div 4519
FpXQX_renormalize 4641900
FpXQ_add 0
FpXQ_sub 0
FpXX_renormalize 782142
FpXY_Fq_evaly 20405
FpX_div 5609836
FpX_renormalize 146567479
Fp_add 185270086
Fp_addmul 11397514
Fp_center 78864108
Fp_center_i 18207645
Fp_div 14993213
Fp_divu 15087809
Fp_double 21543281
Fp_halve 243517
Fp_inv 23542063
Fp_invsafe 1098688
Fp_mul 205219369
Fp_muls 17640
Fp_mulu 70476615
Fp_neg 37470909
Fp_red 83002232
Fp_sqr 69419806
Fp_sub 203963621
FqXQ_add 0
FqXQ_div 0
FqXQ_inv 0
FqXQ_invsafe 0
FqXQ_mul 22745
FqXQ_pow 0
FqXQ_sqr 0
FqXQ_sub 0
FqX_Fp_mul 579675
FqX_Fq_mul 424510
FqX_add 124082
FqX_ddf 7
FqX_degfact 47786
FqX_deriv 39697
FqX_div 38569
FqX_div_by_X_x 69699
FqX_divrem 0
FqX_extgcd 449757
FqX_factor 140960
FqX_factor_squarefree 7
FqX_gcd 8288
FqX_get_red 6069
FqX_halfgcd 0
FqX_halve 19250
FqX_integ 0
FqX_is_squarefree 683718
FqX_mul 369135
FqX_mulu 21900
FqX_neg 24900
FqX_normalize 4144
FqX_powu 1288
FqX_red 25298
FqX_rem 37659
FqX_roots 7231
FqX_sqr 71232
FqX_sub 68026
FqX_to_mod 175
FqXn_exp 0
FqXn_expint 6590
FqXn_inv 7070
FqXn_mul 261240
FqXn_sqr 0
Fq_red 3109642
Fq_to_FpXQ 73652
GENbinbase 934275423
QV_isscalar 54434236
Q_abs 8131204
Q_abs_shallow 120266
Qtoss 35364
R_abs 0
R_abs_shallow 13097
RgC_fpnorml2 620024
RgC_gtofp 34122820
RgC_gtomp 574
RgM_dimensions 9956060
RgM_fpnorml2 23338
RgM_gtofp 8264230
RgM_gtomp 21
RgM_minor 1036
RgM_shallowcopy 22240745
RgV_gtofp 56
RgV_is_QV 142052
RgV_is_ZV 32138229
RgV_isin 111957
RgV_isin_i 111957
RgV_isscalar 1211819
RgXQX_div 1904
RgXQX_rem 127908
RgX_coeff 2909086
RgX_copy 103802639
RgX_div 7001097
RgX_equal_var 27145972
RgX_fpnorml2 62764
RgX_gtofp 7174025
RgX_is_QX 400117
RgX_is_ZX 22521735
RgX_is_monomial 1346245
RgX_is_rational 68842
RgX_isscalar 0
RgX_renormalize 34135
RgX_shift_inplace 479615
RgX_shift_inplace_init 479615
RgX_to_RgV 140
Rg_col_ei 1454618
Rg_to_Fq 756
ZC_hnfrem 10699638
ZM_ZV_mod 610955
ZM_hnfrem 401529
ZM_lll 7142380
ZV_ZV_mod 8147937
ZV_dvd 23485
ZV_isscalar 23682363
ZV_to_zv 3318879
ZXQ_mul 2192120
ZXQ_sqr 963327
ZX_equal1 10514
ZX_is_monic 7723142
ZX_renormalize 158582426
Z_ispower 98
Z_issquare 509831
abgrp_get_cyc 12235183
abgrp_get_gen 1766677
abgrp_get_no 407115
absfrac 48086862
absfrac_shallow 28237
addmuliu 549670
addmuliu_inplace 66041464
affc_fixlg 250436
affgr 665850
bid_get_MOD 2157304
bid_get_U 3680282
bid_get_arch 41188
bid_get_archp 2397285
bid_get_cyc 5740019
bid_get_fact 2499065
bid_get_fact2 2201621
bid_get_gen 64274
bid_get_gen_nocheck 0
bid_get_grp 5804874
bid_get_ideal 72849
bid_get_mod 1521921
bid_get_no 0
bid_get_sarch 48594
bid_get_sprk 2158039
bin_copy 480634838
bit_accuracy 3242510465
bit_accuracy_mul 3176882
bit_prec 144358736
bnf_get_clgp 5380463
bnf_get_cyc 3689996
bnf_get_fu 25859
bnf_get_fu_nocheck 289112
bnf_get_gen 1681899
bnf_get_logfu 2877898
bnf_get_nf 9875390
bnf_get_no 8386
bnf_get_reg 648
bnf_get_sunits 1369339
bnf_get_tuN 283031
bnf_get_tuU 303613
bnr_get_bid 2046122
bnr_get_bnf 3710982
bnr_get_clgp 2830388
bnr_get_cyc 2522682
bnr_get_gen 7847
bnr_get_gen_nocheck 70
bnr_get_mod 77126
bnr_get_nf 1399132
bnr_get_no 277494
both_odd 124811406
cbrtr 0
cbrtr_abs 0
cgetalloc 10153
cgetc 976273
cgiv 106213594
checkell_i 10827997
closure_arity 333273428
closure_codestr 282721985
closure_get_code 28
closure_get_data 282708586
closure_get_dbg 13674
closure_get_frame 14756660
closure_get_oper 282721984
closure_get_text 37178
closure_is_variadic 46074834
col_ei 5929141
coltrunc_init 740376
const_col 9731332
const_vec 34702932
const_vecsmall 18915561
constant_coeff 1065045
cxcompotor 18766574
cxnorm 95484142
cxtofp 9248748
cxtoreal 338020
cyc_get_expo 2757632
cyclic_perm 99932
dbllog2r 94960800
degpol 5643491719
div_content 58500
divsBIL 8466410378
ellQp_get_p 1134
ellQp_get_prec 308
ellQp_get_zero 1463
ellR_get_prec 232939
ellR_get_sign 371829
ell_get_a1 17419133
ell_get_a2 11293911
ell_get_a3 13229546
ell_get_a4 10507535
ell_get_a6 10552240
ell_get_b2 7552273
ell_get_b4 2550720
ell_get_b6 3863696
ell_get_b8 3297568
ell_get_c4 13581131
ell_get_c6 16040411
ell_get_disc 18018689
ell_get_j 2126899
ell_get_type 22568863
ell_is_inf 59300425
ellff_get_a4a6 551884
ellff_get_field 1791832
ellinf 1097909
ellnf_get_bnf 119
ellnf_get_nf 2027312
equali1 1181225840
equalim1 139584415
err_get_compo 294
err_get_num 439223
gaddgs 123273818
gal_get_den 27867
gal_get_e 91
gal_get_gen 15624
gal_get_group 80528
gal_get_invvdm 27874
gal_get_mod 23870
gal_get_orders 6713
gal_get_p 6118
gal_get_pol 36428
gal_get_roots 32844
gc_GEN 239167761
gc_INT 4192600348
gc_INT_affii 11653249
gc_all 103368912
gc_leaf 1204011592
gc_slice 2217914
gc_upto 2014542750
gchar_copy_precs 1470
gchar_get_DLdata 192479
gchar_get_S 38371
gchar_get_U 0
gchar_get_Ui 11096
gchar_get_basis 34731
gchar_get_bnf 207685
gchar_get_cyc 16535
gchar_get_evalprec 4011
gchar_get_hnf 0
gchar_get_loccyc 52520
gchar_get_m0 3823
gchar_get_mod 8225
gchar_get_modP 4095
gchar_get_nalg 2296
gchar_get_nc 38876
gchar_get_nf 247942
gchar_get_nfprec 13854
gchar_get_nfree 322
gchar_get_nm 2108
gchar_get_ns 38371
gchar_get_ntors 322
gchar_get_prec 19427
gchar_get_r1 17683
gchar_get_r2 623
gchar_get_sfu 1996
gchar_get_u0 5002
gchar_get_zm 286343
gchar_set_HUUi 637
gchar_set_basis 1827
gchar_set_cyc 1827
gchar_set_evalprec 2086
gchar_set_m0 1190
gchar_set_nalg 637
gchar_set_nf 2363
gchar_set_nfprec 3466
gchar_set_nfree 637
gchar_set_ntors 637
gchar_set_prec 1470
gchar_set_u0 2142
gcmpgs 761951
gdivsg 561958
gen_I 1269334
gener_Fq_local 29946
gequalgs 29246
get_F2x_degree 1936415
get_F2x_mod 3311003
get_F2x_var 2176457
get_F2xqX_degree 201185
get_F2xqX_mod 343
get_F2xqX_var 376106
get_Flx_degree 83068272
get_Flx_mod 25663187
get_Flx_var 69188158
get_FlxqX_degree 320067
get_FlxqX_mod 8033
get_FlxqX_var 266299
get_FpXQX_degree 3569
get_FpXQX_mod 146583
get_FpXQX_var 51430
get_FpX_degree 8094081
get_FpX_mod 3391330
get_FpX_var 6879847
gisdouble 2992354
gmax_shallow 13510262
gmaxsg 0
gmin_shallow 902755
gminsg 0
gmulgs 29790414
gmulgu 283377954
gsubgs 1731852
gtodouble 66286300
gtofp 260514872
gtomp 22428
gtos 85888553
gtou 102011
guncloneNULL 48997802
guncloneNULL_deep 1555058
gval 6391
hash_str 2787689
hash_str_len 31644860
icopy_avma 8130635616
idealchineseinit 5427
idealred 139129
identity_ZV 8120
identity_perm 3260293
identity_zv 3284656
inf_get_sign 1454466
inv_content 0
is_bigint 589920273
is_const_t 5001844606
is_extscalar_t 6904
is_intreal_t 9716673
is_matvec_t 639655492
is_noncalc_t 86219367
is_pm1 2295449534
is_qfb_t 0
is_rational_t 5047029
is_real_t 62080966
is_recursive_t 9573048431
is_scalar_t 376859391
is_universal_constant 334851838
is_vec_t 44253487
isint1 18140964
isintm1 6224490
isintzero 2911214509
ismpzero 9716582
isonstack 8495237162
killblock 1982244
leading_coeff 169548352
leafcopy_avma 587382451
lg_increase 476255393
lgcols 354349696
lgpol 2766997813
lincombii 38340226
locs_get_Lgenfil 1288
locs_get_Lsprk 195755
locs_get_cyc 54144
locs_get_famod 1288
locs_get_m_infty 211534
locs_get_mod 8225
logint 757174
matpascal 4935
matslice 16931953
mkcol 10667509
mkcol2 168416277
mkcol2s 4416244
mkcol3 88314
mkcol3s 315
mkcol4 103467
mkcol4s 0
mkcol5 94
mkcol6 232582
mkcolcopy 33554
mkcols 40411
mkcomplex 92992334
mkerr 0
mkfrac 43056577
mkfraccopy 5129662
mkfracss 1209605
mkintmod 8073896
mkintmodu 1834
mkmat 4782996
mkmat2 33669610
mkmat22 54383003
mkmat22s 207578
mkmat3 17001
mkmat4 84
mkmat5 0
mkmatcopy 122342
mkmoo 108951
mkoo 1333293
mkpadic 2009
mkpolmod 3297285
mkqfb 28269063
mkquad 69118
mkrfrac 698726
mkrfraccopy 14
mkvec 70139090
mkvec2 222940040
mkvec2copy 114560
mkvec2s 221660
mkvec3 122556392
mkvec3s 524441
mkvec4 10532528
mkvec4s 21
mkvec5 15190561
mkvec5s 0
mkvec6 42
mkvec6s 301
mkveccopy 122528
mkvecs 168
mkvecsmall 143588736
mkvecsmall2 262004230
mkvecsmall3 106870405
mkvecsmall4 20242466
mkvecsmall5 1898384
modpr_get_T 13867552
modpr_get_p 1887627
modpr_get_pr 31237608
mul_content 2660366
mul_denom 10782837
mulsubii 3899237
nbits2extraprec 1528220196
nbits2ndec 228
nbits2nlong 13264740
nbits2prec 198929761
nbrows 159349044
nchar2nlong 127807433
ndec2nbits 8270
ndec2nlong 41829
ndec2prec 33559
nfV_to_scalar_or_alg 26300
nf_get_G 304563
nf_get_M 21751484
nf_get_Tr 23352
nf_get_degree 71398283
nf_get_diff 4445
nf_get_disc 464439
nf_get_index 3716978
nf_get_invzk 9782871
nf_get_pol 98181137
nf_get_r1 23476440
nf_get_r2 4154
nf_get_ramified_primes 65098
nf_get_roots 1632805
nf_get_roundG 1749492
nf_get_sign 522482
nf_get_varn 1504035
nf_get_zk 4382
nf_get_zkden 5465332
nf_get_zkprimpart 5419608
normalize_frac 17757719
odd 2139796556
pari_calloc 48209
pari_err_BUG 14
pari_err_COMPONENT 214
pari_err_CONSTPOL 21
pari_err_COPRIME 91
pari_err_DIM 718
pari_err_DOMAIN 2876
pari_err_FILE 0
pari_err_FILEDESC 36
pari_err_FLAG 98
pari_err_IMPL 539
pari_err_INV 20032
pari_err_IRREDPOL 63
pari_err_MAXPRIME 0
pari_err_MODULUS 1316
pari_err_OP 406
pari_err_OVERFLOW 156
pari_err_PACKAGE 0
pari_err_PREC 238
pari_err_PRIME 98
pari_err_PRIORITY 245
pari_err_ROOTS0 70
pari_err_SQRTN 7084
pari_err_TYPE 15370
pari_err_TYPE2 3493
pari_err_VAR 371
pari_free 494951064
pari_malloc 730494402
pari_realloc 1887
pari_realloc_ip 2384858
pari_stack_alloc 982111621
pari_stack_base 988179791
pari_stack_delete 6062324
pari_stack_init 6444814
pari_stack_new 886647784
pari_stack_pushp 5840
perm_conj 422429
perm_inv 3781116
perm_mul 81655714
perm_sqr 728
pol0_F2x 17378432
pol0_Flx 114729658
pol1_F2x 4775447
pol1_Flx 56077455
pol_0 84220343
pol_1 3762708
pol_x 3886925
pol_xn 2237751
pol_xnall 294
polx_F2x 1079092
polx_Flx 37979421
polx_zx 0
polxn_Flx 371
powIs 620095
powii 43757718
pr_get_e 16165179
pr_get_f 26447613
pr_get_gen 12077758
pr_get_p 92766033
pr_get_tau 49777734
pr_is_inert 17227677
pr_norm 1090584
prec2lg 4753469744
prec2nbits 108465155
prec2nbits_mul 581910
prec2ndec 9778
precdbl 476729
qfb_disc 18522407
qfb_disc3 5001808
qfb_is_qfi 65329768
quad_disc 1379
quadnorm 70105
random_Fq 0
remsBIL 8381909731
rnf_get_absdegree 1392746
rnf_get_alpha 1428
rnf_get_degree 2506335
rnf_get_disc 357
rnf_get_idealdisc 1386
rnf_get_index 105
rnf_get_invzk 1225
rnf_get_k 1225
rnf_get_map 135659
rnf_get_nf 786086
rnf_get_nfdegree 21455
rnf_get_nfpol 255354
rnf_get_nfvarn 4886
rnf_get_nfzk 7245
rnf_get_pol 2845192
rnf_get_polabs 327628
rnf_get_ramified_primes 2849
rnf_get_varn 574
rnf_get_zk 4830
row 767828
row_i 987
rowcopy 204988
rowpermute 14793967
rowslice 80071683
rowslicepermute 233748
rowsplice 273
ser_isexactzero 11871524
shallowcopy 27929983
sqrfrac 4399530
sqrti 6618022
sqrtnr 2811903
sqrtr 87238907
sstoQ 1097313
sturm 385
submulii 33037988
submuliu 7700
submuliu_inplace 66552037
truecoef 0
trunc_safe 0
ulogint 2117736
upr_norm 347921
uutoQ 1602256
vec_append 3470858
vec_ei 1716822
vec_lengthen 18983
vec_prepend 313943
vec_setconst 0
vec_shorten 11564
vec_to_vecsmall 4149429
veclast 9557837
vecmodii 0
vecmoduu 49784
vecpermute 21126251
vecreverse 697305
vecreverse_inplace 2612
vecslice 670250876
vecslicepermute 2879396
vecsmall_append 4117796
vecsmall_coincidence 0
vecsmall_concat 1466186
vecsmall_copy 7353827
vecsmall_ei 585511
vecsmall_indexmax 21
vecsmall_indexmin 21
vecsmall_isin 84
vecsmall_lengthen 547
vecsmall_lexcmp 7211133
vecsmall_max 1177907
vecsmall_min 5509
vecsmall_pack 84
vecsmall_prefixcmp 108088071
vecsmall_prepend 187025
vecsmall_reverse 3052
vecsmall_shorten 77080
vecsmall_to_col 7992648
vecsmall_to_vec 513116
vecsmall_to_vec_inplace 3304
vecsmallpermute 79342401
vecsmalltrunc_append 101231003
vecsmalltrunc_init 256492519
vecsplice 385292
vectrunc_append 15914582
vectrunc_append_batch 9667
vectrunc_init 11795414
zc_to_ZC 7978102
zero_F2m 0
zero_F2m_copy 847242
zero_F2v 3663485
zero_F2x 1350
zero_Flm 2854997
zero_Flm_copy 241031
zero_Flv 61802332
zero_Flx 3256198
zero_zm 0
zero_zv 39174439
zero_zx 0
zerocol 125379386
zeromat 108894
zeromatcopy 14386670
zeropadic 858086
zeropadic_shallow 17150
zeropol 42429165
zeroser 139020
zerovec 29356690
zerovec_block 29675
zm_copy 0
zm_row 0
zm_to_zxV 0
zm_transpose 266
znstar_get_N 38658755
znstar_get_U 176107
znstar_get_Ui 46788
znstar_get_conreycyc 7982136
znstar_get_conreygen 3290533
znstar_get_cyc 262088
znstar_get_faN 7334854
znstar_get_gen 16150
znstar_get_no 14
znstar_get_pe 2869070
zv_copy 1879711
zv_to_ZV 504212
zv_to_zx 104146
zx_renormalize 14049
zx_shift 0
zx_to_zv 0

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